প্রত্যাশা : উন্নয়ন ভাবনা

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†µwWU BDwbqb gvbweK m¤úK© wbf©i Avw_©K cÖwZôvb

[†jLv I Z‡_¨i Drm : W±i dv`vi wjUb wnDevU© M‡gR, wmGmwm wdwjcvB‡bi ivRavbx g¨vwbjv kn‡i Aew¯’Z BDwbfvwm©wU Ae mv‡šÍv Ugvm †_‡K 2007 wLªóv‡ã GgweG (wnmveweÁvb) I 2015 wLªóv‡ã wcGBPwW (e¨emvq wkÿv) m¤§vb AR©b K‡i‡Qb Ges †bZ…Z¡, Dbœqb, Avw_©K e¨e¯’vcbv, †µwWU BDwbq‡b bZzb fvev`k© wel‡q K‡qKwU M‡elYv KvR K‡i‡Qb hv ¯’vbxq I AvšÍR©vwZK wewfbœ Rvb©v‡j cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q, eZ©gv‡b bUi †Wg K‡jR, XvKvKg©iZ| Zuvi M‡elYvi Z_¨-DcvË, wePvi-we‡kølY, cÖ¯Ívebvi †gŠwjK welqmg~n Ges AwfÁZv GLv‡b ch©vqµ‡g Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡e|]

2000 wLªóv‡ã †gŠjfxevRvi †Rjvq mvay †hv‡md ag©cjøxi (kÖxg½j wgkb) AvIZvq wewfbœ MÖv‡g (72wU Pv evMvb, cvb cywÄ) cvjKxq †mevKv‡R AwfÁZv AR©b Kivi†mŠfvM¨ Avgvi n‡qwQj| wewfbœ MÖv‡g GK mßvn ev `yB mßvn Ae¯’vb K‡i ¯’vbxq mgv‡R emevmiZ gvby‡li K…wó-ms¯‹…wZ I RxebhvÎv Lye Kv‡Q †_‡K cÖZ¨ÿ K‡iwQ| Dc‡fvM K‡iwQ DuPzwbPz cvnv‡o mywe¯ÍxY© meyR cÖvšÍ‡i cÖK…wZ I gvby‡li wgjbmgvR, cÖZ¨ÿ K‡iwQ K‡Vvi cwikÖgx gvbyl‡`i msMÖvgxRxeb, KL‡bv `vwi`ª¨cxwoZ, KL‡bv Ab¨vq-AZ¨vPv‡i wbh©vwZZ| ÿz`ª mgv‡R emevmiZ gvby‡li g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q wbijm cwikªgx g‡bvfve, AvZ¥wek¦vm I mvgvwRK eÜb| gÐjxi †bZ„e„›`, DbœqbKg©x I wgkbvixMY cÖZ¨ÿ K‡iwQ `wi`ª A_P mgvRe× gvby‡li cvi¯úwiK gvbweK m¤úK© n‡Z cv‡i ÿy`ª mgvR Dbœq‡bi wfwË| cieZ©x `yÕeQi cÖwZwU MÖv‡g cweÎ wLªóhvM Drm‡M©i cici ÿz`ª mgv‡Ri gvby‡li ev¯ÍeZv ch©‡jvPbv I DØy×KiY mfvq mK‡j GKgZ-GKcÖvY njvg †µwWU BDwbqb †Kv-Acv‡iwUf n‡Z cv‡i gvbweK m¤úK©wbf©i mgvR Dbœq‡b Ab¨Zg Avw_©K cÖwZôvb| 2002 wLªóv‡ã, wW‡m¤^i gv‡mi 17 Zvwi‡L ag©cjøxi K‡qKRb gvZeŸi I hye Gwb‡gUi mg‡eZ n‡qwQj Rb¥w`‡b Avgv‡K ï‡f”Qv Rvbv‡Z, ï‡f”Qv-mfvq mg‡eZ DÏxcbv Avi cweÎ AvZ¥vi †cÖiYv‡K g~jab K‡i Ô†m›U †hv‡md †Kv-Acv‡iwUf †µwWU BDwbqbÕ Gi hvÎv ïiæ n‡qwQj| m¤ú~Y© Avw_©K cÖ‡Yv`bv wenxb GKwU Avw_©K cÖwZôv‡bi hvÎv, Dcnvi wn‡m‡e Avgvi wb‡Ri e¨eüZ †Pqvi-†Uwej Avi AviGbwWGg wm÷viM‡Yi c‡ÿ wm÷vi gwYKv GKRb mgvRKg©x‡K mvgwqK mg‡q Rb¨ eivÏ K‡iwQ‡jb| cÖwZôvbwU Aí mg‡q mycÖwZwôZ I A‡b‡Ki wbKU mycwiwPZ|

†µwWU BDwbqb GKwU Avw_©K cÖwZôvb, hvi D‡Ïk¨ gvbe Rxeb Dbœqb I abx-Mix‡ei mnve¯’vb wbwðZ Kiv| hw`I †µwWU BDwbq‡bi hvÎv Avi¤¢ gvby‡li Rxeb avi‡Y Avw_©K FY cÖ`v‡bi j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨ wb‡q wKš‘ Kv‡ji weeZ©‡b I AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K M‡elK Ges msMVKMY mÂ‡qi aviYwU‡K cÖvavb¨ w`‡q‡Qb| mÂq Qvov FY cÖ`vb aviYvwU Am¤ú~Y© I SuzwKc~Y© hv mgvR Dbœqb‡K e¨vnZ K‡i _v‡K| ZvB eZ©gv‡b mÂq I FY GB `ywU aviYv GK‡Î K‡i mÂq I FY`vb mgevq mwgwZ eySv‡bv n‡q _v‡K| myZivs †µwWU BDwbqb ej‡Z mÂq I FY`v‡bi msw¶ßiƒc‡K eySv‡bv nq| gyL¨ D‡Ïk¨ wb‡R‡`i mÂq g‡bvfve RvMÖZ ivLv, Avw_©K cÖ‡qvR‡b hyw³hy³ nv‡i FY cÖ`vb Ges m¤¢ve¨ m‡ev©”P Avw_©K †mev`vb Kiv|

K. AvwfavwbK Zvrch©

Bs‡iwRCREDIT kãwU LATIN kã CREDERE †_‡K G‡m‡Q| hvi A_© wek¦vm Kiv ev wbf©i Kiv| †µwWU k‡ãi AvwfavwbK A‡_©i mv‡_ wek¦vm, mZZv, m¤§vb, mybvg, mrPwiÎ BZ¨vw` A_© wbwnZ i‡q‡Q| M‡elYv Kv‡R Z_¨-DcvË msMÖn Ki‡Z A‡bK †µwWU BDwbq‡b wM‡qwQ Ges Mfxifv‡e Dcjwä K‡iwQ ÔAmr e¨w³ †µwWU BDwbq‡bi AZ¨šÍ N„Y¨ kÎæ|Õ BDwbqb kãwU G‡m‡Q Bs‡iwRUNION kã †_‡K hvi Øviv GKZv, GKvZ¥Zv, wgjb, mn‡hvwMZv ev mnve¯’vb cÖKvk K‡i _v‡K| wdwjcvBb †`‡k Avgvi eÜziv hv‡`i mvgvwRK I e¨emvwqK mybvg i‡q‡Q, Avgv‡K wbgš¿Y K‡i‡Q †µwWU BDwbqb MVb A_ev cybtMV‡b mnvqZv Ki‡Z| abx I ÿgZvkvjx e¨w³eM© †µwWU BDwbq‡bi gva¨‡g Mwie I AenwjZ gvby‡li Rxebgvb Dbœ&qb Ki‡Z Pvq| Zv‡`i mw`”Qv cÖmskbxq, Ab¨w`‡K GK‡Î mnve¯’vb g‡bvfve `ye©j _vKvq †µwWU BDwbqb mdj nqwb| †µwWU BDwbq‡bi RbK wg. wd«wWªK DBj‡ng ivBdvB‡mb Gi g‡Z, †µwWU BDwbqb n‡jv Agybvdv‡fvMx cÖwZôvb wKš‘ AjvfRbK `qv-`vwÿY¨ cÖ`k©bKvix cÖwZôvb bq| AjvfRbK cÖwZôvb Aby`vbwbf©i ¯^Z¡vwaKvix, `vZvMY gvwjK Avi m`m¨/m`m¨ve„›` †fv³v ev MÖnxZv| †µwWU BDwbqb GKcÖKvi Avw_©K mgevq cÖwZôvb| cÖK„Z gvwjK, cwiPvjK Ges wbqš¿K m`m¨MY wb‡RivB|wdwjcvBb †`‡ki A‡bK cÖ‡`‡k e„nr I †UKmB †µwWU BDwbqb i‡q‡Q, wKš‘ †hLv‡b †µwWU BDwbqb Ab¨vb¨ ÿz`ªFY ms¯’v wn‡m‡e MY¨ K‡i‡Q †mLv‡b mdj nqwb| myZivs Bs‡iwRCREDIT UNION kã `ywUi mgš^‡q evsjvq FY`vb mwgwZ ev †µwWU BDwbqb kãwUB eûj cÖPwjZ| FY`vb mwgwZ †¶‡Î CREDIT kãwUi A_© `uvovq - †hLv‡b GKRb MÖnYKvix †Kvb A_© ev †fvM¨cY¨ MÖnY Kivi c~‡e© kZ©hy³ Pzw&³i gva¨‡g Aw½Kvi K‡ib †h wbw`©ó mgqv‡šÍ H A_© ev cY¨mvgMÖx Drm ¯’‡j ev cÖ`vbKvix‡K †dir cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| GLv‡b MÖnYKvix I cÖ`vbKvix _vK‡e| †µwWU BDwbqb †¶‡Î †h‡nZz mgevq ev COOPERATIVE hy³ myZivs †mLv‡b cÖwZwU m`m¨ MÖnYKvix n‡Z cv‡i, Avevi cÖwZwU m`m¨ cÖ`vbKvixI n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e hLb †Kvb m`m¨ MÖnYKvix f~wgKvq _v‡K ZLb †m wb‡R Pyw³e× ev Aw½Kvie× †h M„nxZ cY¨ ev A_© kZ©c~i‡Y †dir cÖ`vb Ki‡e| MÖnxZv‡K kZ©c~i‡Y mnvqZv Ki‡e wbw`©ó mg_©K e¨w³eM©, hv‡`i Rvwgb`vi ejv nq| MÖnxZvi AcviMZvq Zviv `vqfvi mw¤§wjZfv‡e MÖnY Ki‡e †hb †MvUv cÖwZôv‡b ev msMV‡bi ¯^v_© bó bv nq| G Rb¨ †µwWU BDwbq‡bi mv‡_ me©`v mgevq kãwU hy³ K‡i FY`vb mgevq mwgwZ ejv n‡q _v‡K|

L. Ava¨vwZ¥K Rxeb Abykxj‡bi w`K

mß g~jbxwZ (‡¯^”Qv m`m¨c`, MYZvwš¿K wbqš¿Y, A_bxwZ‡Z AskMÖnY, c„_K mËv, mgevqx †PZbv, wkÿv I cÖwkÿY Ges ÿz`ª mgvR MVb) †µwWU BDwbqb cwiPvjbvi g~jgš¿, `k©b I †PZbvi Drm| mß g~jbxwZ gvbweK m¤úK© I ¸Yvewj Avbykxjb Ki‡Z DØy× K‡i| cweÎ evB‡ej Abymv‡i cvPu nvRvi †jv‡Ki Abœ`vb wb`k©b-Kg© (‡hvnb 6:1-6) Abya¨vb K‡i Avgiv wbwðZ nB Ck¦i Avgv‡`i RvMwZK Lv`¨ `vb K‡i _v‡Kb| hxï Dcw¯’Z †jvK‡`i g‡a¨ †QvU †Q‡ji Dcnvi iæwU I gvQ mv`‡i MÖnY K‡i‡Qb, abx-Mixe mevB‡K Nv‡mi Dci ÿz`ª ÿz`ª `‡j em‡Z e‡j‡Qb, mevB Lvevi mnfvwMZv K‡i‡Q, cÖ‡qvRbxq Pvwn`v hxï c~iY K‡i‡Qb| wkl¨‡`i mv‡_ †kl mvÜ¨‡fv‡R (‡hvnb 13:1-17) hxï wb‡R‡K wewj‡q w`‡jb Ges c~Y©Zv w`‡jb µz‡k Rxeb w`‡q †hb Avgiv kvk¦Z Rxeb cvB| hxïi Av‡`k Abymv‡i Avw`gÐjx wbqwgZ GK‡Î mg‡eZ n‡q cÖv_©bv, iæwU-‡Quov Abyôvb, Rxeb mnfvwMZv I wb‡R‡`i welqm¤ú` mK‡ji cÖ‡qvRb Abymv‡iB mnfvwMZvq Rxebhvcb KiZ (wkl¨PwiZ 2:42-47)| Avgiv cÖwZwbqZ RvMwZK Lv`¨ cyó n‡q GKw`‡K G RM‡Z, Ab¨w`‡K wLªóhv‡M hxï‡K Lv`¨ wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i Ck¦‡ii mšÍvb n‡q ¯^M©iv‡R¨ AbšÍ Rxeb jv‡fi †hvM¨ _vwK| myZivs Avgiv mn‡R Dcjw× Kwi †µwWU BDwbqb GK cÖKvi RvMwZK Avw_©K cÖwZôvb, wKš‘ GK mv‡_ mnve¯’vb, gvbweK ¸Yvewji Abykxjb, welqm¤ú` mnfvwMZv, mvgvwRK I ag©xq g~j¨‡eva PP©v Avgv‡`i GKw`‡K RvMwZK Rxeb Avb›`gq-myLgq K‡i Ab¨w`‡K Avgiv kvk¦Z Rxe‡b ¯^M©xq wcZvi mvwbœ‡a¨ _vKvi †hvM¨ n‡q Rxebhvcb Kivi my‡hvM cvB| ZvB Amr KvR, A_© AvZ¥mvr, Ab¨vqfv‡e myweavMÖnY, mnR-mij m`m¨‡`i myweav ewÂZ Kiv, †bZ…Z¡-ÿgZv KzwÿMZ A_ev A‡b¨‡K †bZ„Z¡ ewÂZ Kivi gva¨‡g Avgiv A‰bwZK-cvcgq Rxeb I Amr wPšÍv jvjbcvjb Kwi| GKB mv‡_ cvcgq Af¨vm PP©vq GKRb e¨w³ AbšÍ Rxe‡bi kvk¦Z Avb›` †_‡K ewÂZ n‡Z cv‡i|

myZivs mn‡RB Dcjwä Ki‡Z cvwi e¨vsK ev Ab¨me Avw_©K cÖwZôvb †hLv‡b A_© ev UvKv cÖavb ev gyL¨ Avi gvbweK m¤úK© ZZ ¯úó bq, Ab¨w`‡K †µwWU BDwbq‡b m`m¨/m`m¨v‡`i cvi¯úwiK gvbweK m¤úK© w`KUv ¯úó, †gŠwjK Ges cÖavb| †µwWU BDwbqb g~jZt gvbweK m¤ú‡K©i wfwË‡Z cÖwZwôZ GKwU Avw_©K cÖwZôvb, gvbweK m¤ú‡K©i wfwËi Dci cÖwZôv‡bi mvdj¨ I ¯’vwqZ¡ wbf©ikxj|

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gvbm¤§Z †µwWU BDwbqb I †UKmB gvbweK, mvgvwRK
I Avw_©K Dbœqb

M. M‡elK‡`i we‡køl‡Yi †cÖÿvc‡U †µwWU BDwbq‡bi msÁv

we‡k¦ †µwWU BDwbq‡bi cÖmvi, cÖfve Ges cÖwmw× we‡ePbv K‡i †µwWU BDwbq‡bi AwffveK ms¯’v ÒIqvì© KvDwÝj Ae †µwWU BDwbqbÓ Ges AvšÍR©vwZK I AvÂwjK ms¯’vmg~n MZ `yB hyM a‡i A‡bK M‡elYv KvR m¤úbœ K‡i‡Q| hw`I evsjv‡`‡k weÁvbm¤§Z M‡elYv I Dbœqb aviYv eZ©gv‡bI †Zgb cÖmvi N‡Uwb, Avgvi M‡elYv Kvh©µ‡gi mgq Zv Dcjwä K‡iwQ | M‡elK‡`i g‡a¨ mycwiwPZ I Ab¨Zg wg. †WwfW wm. wiPvW©mb whwb j¨vwUb Av‡gwiKvmn c„w_exi wewfbœ †`‡k †µwWU BDwbqb Ges W. cj G †Rvbm whwb hy³ivR¨mn wewfbœ †`‡ki †µwWU BDwbqb wb‡q e¨vcK M‡elYv K‡i‡Qb| M‡elYvq ÔbZzb aviv ev fvev`‡k© †µwWU BDwbq‡bi iƒcvšÍiÕ w`KwU AMÖvwaKvi †c‡q‡Q, fwel¨‡Z welqwU Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv n‡e| Zuv‡`i M‡elYvi †gŠwjK wb‡`©kbv wQjÑ †µwWU BDwbq‡bi gva¨‡g mvgvwRK Kg©cÖ‡Póv (SOCIAL MISSION) mwVK ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ †bZ„Z¡ I e¨e¯’vcbv cÖwµqvq Aek¨B †ckvMZ e¨emvwqK `ÿZvi mgš^q _vK‡Z n‡e| e¨e¯’vcbv I †bZ„Z¡ welqK ¸iæ W. wcUvi WªyKvi Gi g‡Z, e¨emv-evwY‡R¨i g~jgš¿ †fv³v ev gvbyl| mgv‡R emevmiZ gvby‡li Kj¨vYB G e¨emv-evwY‡R¨i D‡Ïk¨| d‡j gybvdv AR©b wbwðZ n‡e| AZGe, †µwWU BDwbq‡bi `k©b I Kg©cÖ‡Póv ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ †KŠkjMZ e¨emvwqK Kg©cwiKíbv cÖ‡qvM `iKvi| GLv‡b e¨emvwqK Kg©‡KŠkj ej‡Z †bZ„‡Z¡ I Avw_©K e¨e¯’vcbvq †ckvMZ `ÿZv, gybvdv AR©b ej‡Z m`m¨/m`m¨v‡`i m‡ev©Ëg mvgvwRK (gvbweK w`K AšÍwb©wnZ) I Avw_©K Dbœqb‡K ¸iæZ¡¡ †`qv n‡q‡Q|

myZivs †µwWU BDwbqb ev FY`vb mwgwZ‡K Gfv‡e msÁvwqZ Kiv hvq - †µwWU BDwbqb GKwU e¨wZµgag©x Avw_©K cÖwZôvb †hLv‡b mg`vwqZ¡‡ev‡ai †cÖiYvq DØy× wek¦vmx Rb‡Mvwô mw¤§wjZ n‡q †¯^”Qvq g~j¨‡eva (mgevqx, ‰bwZK I ag©xq) Abykxj‡b AbycÖvwYZ Ges wb‡R‡`i mwÂZ mvgwóK g~jab wewb‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g †UKmB Dbœqb (gvbweK, mvgvwRK I Avw_©K) Kg©cÖ‡Póv (MISSION) ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z A½xKvie×| msÁvi K‡qKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq wb‡¤œ Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv nj:

1. g~j¨‡eva Abykxjb: †µwWU BDwbq‡bi RbK wg. wd«wWªK DBj‡ng ivBdvB‡mb Gi †µwWU BDwbqb Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©cÖ‡Póv wQj ˆbwZK g~j¨‡ev‡a DØy× mwµq ÿz`ª mgvR MVb| wg. ivBdvB‡mb wewfbœ cÖwkÿ‡Y me©`v ej‡Zb, †µwWU BDwbqb n‡jv m`m¨/m`m¨v‡`i g~j¨‡eva PP©vi ¯‹zj| ÿz`ª mgv‡R wgkÖms¯‹…wZ (abx-Mixe, wfbœ wfbœ †ckv, K…wó, eqm, †gav, wek¦vm) †_‡K AvMZ m`m¨/m`m¨vMY mgwóMZfv‡e mgevqx, ˆbwZK I ag©xq g~j¨‡eva Abykxjb Kivi GKwU Dchy³ cwi‡ek ˆZwi K‡i|

mgevqx g~j¨‡eva: mgvwaKvi, msnwZ, mgZv, mnbkxjZv, ¯^vejw¤^Zv, AvZ¥kvmb, AvZ¥m¤§vbÁvb BZ¨vw`|

ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva: ¯^”QZv, cvi¯úwiK m¤§vb‡eva, mg`vwqZ¡‡eva, hZœevb, b¨vh¨Zv BZ¨vw`|

ag©xq g~j¨‡eva: wek¦¯ÍZv, abx-Mix‡ei mnve¯’vb, mnfvwMZv, D`viZv, bgbxqZv BZ¨vw`|

2. mvgwóK g~jab : ÿz`ª mgv‡RimvgwóK g~jab g~jZ wZb cÖKvi m¤ú‡`i mgš^qÑ gvbexq g~jab, mvgvwRK g~jab Ges Avw_©K g~jab| Dch©y³ msÁvi †cÖwÿ‡Z Avgiv eyS‡Z cvwi †µwWU BDwbq‡b Avw_©K g~ja‡bi cvkvcvwk m`m¨/m`m¨v‡`i gvbexq I mvgvwRK g~ja‡biI wewb‡qvM N‡U hv Ab¨vb¨ Avw_©K cÖwZôv‡b Lye ¯úó bq|

gvbexq g~jab: Ávb, `ÿZv, AwfÁZv| gvbem¤ú‡`i w`Kmg~n|

mvgvwRK g~jab: cvi¯úwiK wek¦vm, mym¤úK©, eÜb, wgkÖ K…wó-ms¯‹…wZ-bxwZ, mybvg|

Avw_©K g~jab: m`m¨/m`m¨v‡`i mÂq I †kqvi| KóvwR©Z A‡_©i h_v_© e¨envi|

†h †Kvb †µwWU BDwbq‡bi RvZxq wbeÜb ch©v‡q wbw`©ó msL¨K m`m¨/m`m¨vM‡Yi ÿz`ª mgv‡R mnve¯’vb, mgevqx A½xKvi I myôz `k©b-Kg©cÖ‡Póv ch©‡eÿY Kiv nq | Avw_©K †kqvi-mÂq g~ja‡bi mv‡_ mvgvwRK I gvbweK w`Kmg~n ¸iæZ¡mnKv‡i wePvi-we‡kølY Kiv nq|

3. †UKmB gvbweK, mvgvwRK I Avw_©KDbœqb: Dbœq‡bi Pjgvb avivq eZ©gvb m`m¨/m`m¨v‡`i cÖ‡qvRb c~iY †hb fwelr m`m¨/m`m¨v‡`i cÖ‡qvRb c~i‡Y e¨Z¨q bv NUvq| mvgvwRK I gvbexq g~ja‡bi gva¨‡g Avw_©K g~ja‡bi wbivcËv mywbwðZ nq| Dch©y³ gvbexq I mvgvwRK welqmg~n †µwWU BDwbq‡bi †UKmB Dbœqb mywbwðZ K‡i| †h †µwWU BDwbq‡b †LjvcxFYmn aŸsmvZ¥K Kg©KvÛ hZ Kg, †mLv‡b gvbexh I mvgvwRK g~ja‡bi cÖfve ZZ †ekx | †µwUW BDwbq‡b †UKmB gvbweK, mvgvwRK I Avw_©K Dbœqb Ggb GKwU cÖwµqv hv m`m¨/m`m¨vM‡Yi mvgvwRK Rxeb hvÎvq myDbœZ gvbweKZv‡ev‡ai weKvk NU‡e I abx-Mix‡ei ˆelg¨ n«vm mywbwðZ n‡e| RvMÖZ gvbweKZv‡ev‡ai weKvk A_© AvZ¥mvr I `yb©xwZ †_‡K mgm¨/m`m¨v‡`i weiZ iv‡L, mvgvwRK mg`vwqZ¡‡eva b¨vh¨Zv wbwðZ K‡i, mgevqx A_©bxwZ cÖ‡Z¨K m`m¨/m`m¨vÕi RxebhvÎv gv‡bvbœqb K‡i| d‡j †µwWU BDwbq‡bi gva‡g¨ †UKmB gvbweK, mvgvwRK I Avw_©K Dbœqb mywbwðZ nq|

4. mvgvwRK e¨emvq m¤ú„³Zv: †µwWU BDwbqb GKwU e¨wZµgag©x Avw_©K cÖwZôvb KviY mvgvwRK I gvbexq g~j¨‡ev‡a DØy× m`m¨/m`m¨vMY D‡`¨vMx nb mvgwóK Dbœq‡bi gva¨‡g e¨w³MZ Avw_©K Ae¯’vi iƒcvšÍi NUv‡Z| we‡klfv‡e Avw_©Kfv‡e wcwQ‡q _vKv A_ev Ae‡nwjZ m`m¨/m`m¨v‡`i Dbœq‡bi g~javivq Avm‡Z my‡hvM m„wó nq| mg`vwqZ¡‡ev‡ai †cÖiYv m`m¨/m`m¨v‡`i me©Rbxb Avw_©K Dbœqb K‡g© DØy× K‡i, d‡j cÖ‡Z¨‡K mK‡ji DcKviv‡_© wb‡R‡`i †gav I m¤ú` e¨envi K‡i †UKmB wfwËi Dci ÿz`ª mgvR MVb K‡i| †µwWU BDwbqb GKw`‡K m`m¨/m`m¨v‡`i RxebhvÎvi Avw_©K †jb‡`b e¨e¯’vcbvq cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e m¤ú„³| Ab¨w`‡K ÿz`ª mgvR Dbœqb Kg©Kv‡Ð m‡e©vËg mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K| ÿz`ª mgvR Dbœq‡b †µwWU BDwbq‡bi m¤ú„³Zv we‡ePbv K‡i GwU GKwU mvgvwRK cÖwZôvb| wKš‘ †µwWU BDwbqb m‡e©vcwi GKwU e¨wZµgag©x Avw_©K cÖwZôvb, KviY Avw_©K †jb‡`‡bi ga¨¯’Zvq AwR©Z m¤ú~Y© jf¨vsk mKj m`m¨/m`m¨vi gv‡S eÈb Kiv nq| ZvB †µwWU BDwbqb‡K mvgvwRK e¨emvq m¤ú„³ Avw_©K cÖwZôvb ejv †kÖq| wg. ivBdvB‡mb ej‡Zb, †µwWU BDwbqb GKwU Agybvdv‡fvMx cÖwZôvb wKš‘ AjvfRbK `qv-`vwÿY¨ cÖ`k©bKvix cÖwZôvb bq| GKcÖKvi mgevq cÖwZôvb wn‡m‡e m`m¨/m`m¨vMY wb‡RivB cwiPvjK, wbqš¿K Ges cÖK„Z ¯^Z¡vwaKvi| A‡bK †mev cÖwZôv‡bi RvZxq wbeÜb ch©v‡q cÖvwZôvwbK evwn¨K AeKvVv‡gv hvPvB-evQvB Kiv nq wKš‘ †µwWU BDwbq‡bi †ÿ‡Î wbw`©ó msL¨K m`m¨/m`m¨vM‡Yi ÿz`ª mgv‡R mnve¯’vb, mgevqx A½xKvi I myôz `k©b-Kg©cÖ‡Póv wePvi-we‡kølY Kiv nq| myZivs †µwWU BDwbqb mvgvwRK e¨emvq m¤ú„³ GKwU Ab¨Zg Avw_©K cÖwZôvb|

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we‡k¦ gvbweK, mvgvwRK, Avw_©K I cwi‡ekMZ iƒcvšÍ‡i
†UKmB Dbœqb jÿ¨gvÎv

MZ K‡qK mßvn a‡i cÖPvi gva¨gmg~n AvšÍR©vwZK I RvZxq ch©v‡q ÿzavgy³ I mykvmb cÖwZôvi gva¨‡g wek¦ iƒcvšÍ‡ii Kg© †KŠkj cÖYq‡bi A½xKvi †NvlYv Ki‡Q| wek¦ iƒcvšÍ‡ii Av‡jvPbv, mfv-‡mwgbvi, Kg©kvjv, djvdj cwiexÿY, g~j¨vqb I Kg©cÖ‡Póv Pj‡Z _vK‡e AvMvgx c‡bi eQi `xN©mgq, KviY Kg©cÖ‡Póv ev¯Íevq‡bi †gqv` 15 eQi| Avgvi `„p wek¦vm †µwWU BDwbq‡bi e¨e¯’vcbv cwil` wek¦ iƒcvšÍ‡ii †UKmB Dbœ&qb jÿ¨gvÎv m¤ú‡K© aviYv MÖnY K‡i wb‡R‡`i Kg©‡KŠkj cwiKíbv Ki‡Z mnvqZv cv‡e| mgvR iƒcvšÍ‡i Kg©cÖ‡Póv MÖnY Ki‡e ¯’vbxq ch©vq, Z‡e `„wó-wPšÍvi m¤ú„³Zv _vK‡e wek¦ iƒcvšÍi Kg©‡KŠk‡j| hy‡M hy‡M Dbœqbwe`, M‡elK, we‡kølK I mgvR †bZvMY ¯^xKvi K‡i‡Qb †UKmB Dbœqb mywbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡j mgevq †PZbv I kw³‡K D¾xweZ Ki‡Z n‡e, m`m¨/m`m¨v‡`i n‡Z n‡e mwZ¨Kvi mgevq †PZbvq DØy× I AvZ¥wb‡ew`Z| MZ †m‡Þ¤^i 25, 2015 wLªóvã RvwZms‡Ni D‡`¨v‡M wbDBq‡K© 193wU †`‡ki ivóª/miKvi cÖavb‡`i AskMÖn‡Y ÔUªvÝdiwgs AvIqvi Iqvì©: `¨ 2030 G‡RÛv di mvm‡UBbvej †W‡fjc‡g›UÕ wk‡ivbv‡g we‡k¦i gvbweK, mvgvwRK, Avw_©K I cwi‡ekMZ iƒcvšÍ‡ii Kg©m~wP Aby‡gv`b Kiv n‡q‡Q| RvwZmsN cÖYxZ Òmvm‡UBbvej †W‡fjc‡g›U †MvjmÕÕ (GmwWwR) ev Ô†UKmB Dbœqb jÿ¨gvÎvÕ15 eQi †gqvw` Kg©cwiKíbv ev¯Íevq Avi¤¢ n‡e AvMvgx Rvbyqvwi 1,2016 wLªóvã Ges jÿ¨c~iY n‡e wW‡m¤^i 31, 2030 wLªóv‡ã|

GKBfv‡e 2000 wLªóv‡ã RvwZmsN cÖYqb K‡iwQj 15 eQi (2000 †_‡K 2015 wLªóvã) †gqvw` Òwg‡jwbqvg †W‡fjc‡g›U †MvjmÓ ev mn¯ªvã Dbœqb jÿ¨gvÎv (GgwWwR), wba©vwiZ wkÿv, ¯^v¯’¨, `vwi`ª¨, wkï, bvix, ÿzav cÖf„wZ m~PKmg~‡ni jÿ¨gvÎv AR©‡b evsjv‡`k mdj n‡q‡Q| A_©bxwZ‡Z †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi weRqx †Rdwi m¨vKm GgwWwR-Gi mxwgZ mvdj¨‡K we‡k¦ gvby‡li Rxeb gvb Dbœq‡b RvwZms‡Ni GKwU eo AR©b wn‡m‡e gšÍe¨ K‡i‡Qb| c„w_exi `vwi`ª¨cxwoZ gvby‡li Rxeb gvb Dbœqb, gvbevwaKvi iÿv I MYZ‡š¿i we¯Ívi RvwZms‡Ni Ab¨Zg ¸iæZ¡c~Y© c`‡ÿc| (GgwWwR wPÎwU msM„nxZ)

eZ©gvb †UKmB Dbœ&qbjÿ¨gvÎv ev GmwWwR hv 2030 wLªóv‡ã ev¯Íevq‡bi †gqv` wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q| GmwWwR †KŠkjMZ Kg©cwiKíbvq 17wU jÿ¨ AšÍfz©³: (1) `vwi`ª we‡jvc, (2) ÿzavgyw³, (3) my¯^v¯’¨ I Kj¨vY, (4) ¸YMZ wkÿv, (5) bvix-cyiæ‡li mgZv, (6) weï× cvwb I ¯^v¯’¨weavb, (7) mvkÖqx I cwi”Qbœ R¡vjvwb, (8) †kvfb Kg© I A_©‰bwZK cÖe„w×, (9) wkí, D™¢veb I AeKvVv‡gv, (10) AmgZv `~ixKiY, (11) w¯’wZkxj bMi I m¤úª`vq, (12) `vwhZ¡kxj †fvM I Drcv`b, (13) Rjevqy Kvh©µg, (14) RjR Rxe, (15) ¯’j Rxe, (16) kvwšÍ, b¨vqwePvi I kw³kvjx cÖwZôvb I (17) jÿ¨ c~i‡Y Askx`vwiZ¡| Dch©y³ 17wU j‡ÿ¨ i‡q‡Q my¯úó, mywbw`©ó, mgqve× I cwigvc‡hvM¨ 169wU m~PK/wb‡`©kK hv LyeB we¯ÍvwiZ, my`~icÖmvwi,wek¦Rbxb, Aswk`vwiZ¡ I wek¦ iƒcvšÍiKvix| (GmwWwR wPÎwU msM„nxZ)

RvwZms‡Ni A_©‰bwZK I mvgvwRK m¤úwK©Z wefv‡Mi †Rbv‡ij (bxwZ mgš^qK) _gvm Mvm wfwWI Kbdv‡i‡Ý evsjv‡`‡ki mvsevw`K‡`i e‡jb, GmwWwR AR©‡b †emiKvwi msMVbmg~‡ni f~wgKv LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| RvwZms‡Ni gnvmwPe e‡j‡Qb, GmwWwR ev¯Íevq‡b wek¦ GKwU HwZnvwmK cwieZ©‡bi w`‡K avweZ n‡e, G Dbœq‡bi mv‡_ Rbgvby‡li wbweo I IZ‡cÖvZ m¤ú„³Zv cÖ‡qvRb| 2030 wLªóv‡ãi g‡a¨ `vwi‡`ªi nvi k~‡b¨i †KvUvq bvwg‡q Avbvi A½xKvi e¨³ n‡q‡Q| `vwi`ª we‡gvPb Ki‡Z A_©‰bwZK cªe„w× evov‡Z n‡e, Avi G Rb¨ `iKvi Kg©m¯’vb I wewb‡qvM| miKv‡ii cvkvcvwk Kg©ms¯’vb I wewb‡qvM e„w×i eo ai‡bi f~wgKv cvjb K‡i _v‡K †emiKvwi LvZmg~n| ZvB GmwWwR ev¯Íevq‡b †emiKvwi Lv‡Zi f~wgKv A‡bK ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| GbwWwR m‡¤§j‡bi mgvcYx Awa‡ek‡b cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv e‡j‡Qb, †UKmB Dbœqb GKvi c‡ÿ m¤¢e bq, Rbgvby‡li m¤ú„³Zv `iKvi, AvšÍR©vwZK m¤úª`vq‡K A_©, cÖhyw³ I FY‡mev wb‡q cv‡k `uvov‡Z n‡e|

M‡elK I we‡kølK‡`i Av‡jvPbvq GmwWwR Kg©‡KŠk‡j ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ˆewkó¨ i‡q‡Q †h Kvi‡Y GUv wek¦ iƒcvšÍ‡ii Kg©cÖ‡Póv wn‡m‡e we‡eP¨- (1) GmwWwR gvbweK, mvgwRK, A_©‰bwZK I cwi‡ekMZ welqe¯‘ mgš^‡q cªYxZ Dbœqb †KŠkj, (2) miKvix-‡emiKvwi msMVbmg~‡ni AskMÖnY, m¤ú„³Zv I mshy³Zvi ¸iæZ¡ my`~icÖmvix I Zvrch©c~Y©| (3) GmwWwR ev¯Íevq‡b c„w_exi Rbgvby‡li ÿzav I `vwi`ª¨ Aemvb n‡e, (4) Bnv me©Rbxb hv DbœZ-AbybœZ mKj †`‡ki Rb¨ cÖYxZ, (5) cwi‡ek I mgvR Dbœq‡bi Dci ¸iæZ¡ †`qv n‡q‡Q, (6) ¸YMZ wkÿv, cÖK…Z ÁvbvR©‡bi gva¨‡g gvbweK wek¦ MVb, (7) GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© we‡klZ¡ n‡jv AšÍfz©w³g~jK mgvR Mov †hLv‡b mykvmb _vK‡e, b¨vqwePv‡ii my‡hvM we¯Ívi n‡e I gvbevwaKvi msiÿ‡Y mK‡j kÖ×vkxj _vK‡e, (8) AskMÖnYg~jK, ¯^”Q I MY‡Kw›`ªK cwiexÿ‡Yi Dci ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc Kiv n‡q‡Q †hLv‡b DbœZ g‡bi, mnRjf¨, mg‡qvc‡hvMx, wek¦vm‡hvM¨ I we¯ÍvwiZ Z_¨-DcvË e¨eüZ n‡e, (9) m¤ú` msMÖn, `ÿZv e„w×, cÖhyw³ e¨envi I ˆe‡`wkK evwYR¨ we¯Ív‡ii Rb¨ AvšÍR©vwZK Askx`vwiZ¡ wbwðZ _vK‡e, (10) we‡klÁ wbf©i bv n‡q eis HK¨g‡Z¨i wfwË‡Z mswkøó mevi AskMÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g GmwWwR cÖYxZ n‡q‡Q, (11) GwU AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K cÖYxZ| ZvB Gi cwiwa AwaK we¯Í…Z Ges e¨vcK|

B‡Zvg‡a¨ †emiKvix M‡elYv ms¯’v †m›Uvi di cwjwm WvqvjM (wmwcwW) g‡Z †UKmB Dbœq‡bi c‡_ evsjv‡`‡ki cvuPwU eo P¨v‡jÄ i‡q‡Q: m¤ú‡`i cÖvc¨Zv, ˆewk¦K Dbœqb I RvZxq cwiKíbv mgš^qKiY, AskMÖnY I Revew`wn wbwðZKiY, e¯‘wbô cwimsL¨vb I Z`viwK Ges KvVv‡gvMZ †KŠkj I ev¯Íevqb| Z‡e ivR‰bwZK A½xKvi I w¯’wZkxjZv, cÖkvmwbK `ÿZv I Rbgvby‡li m¤ú„³Zv wbwðZ n‡j RvZxq A_©bxwZ cÖe„w× evo‡e Ges mykvmb cÖwZôv n‡e| Avgv‡`i `„p wek¦vm miKvi mn¯ªvã Dbœqb jÿ¨gvÎvi (GgwWwR) mdjZvi AwfÁZv h_vh_ g~j¨vqb K‡i eZ©gvb †UKmB Dbœ&qb jÿ¨gvÎv R‡q bZzb D`¨‡g c_ Pj‡e| mykvmb, AvB‡bi kvmb cÖwZôv n‡j gvbweK, mvgvwRK, Avw_©K I cwi‡ekMZ iƒcvšÍ‡i †UKmB Dbœqb jÿ¨gvÎv AR©‡bi mydj Dc‡fvM Ki‡e mvivwek¦|

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†µwWU BDwbq‡b †UKmB gvbweK, mvgvwRK I Avw_©K
DbœqbevavcÖvß nIqvi KviYmg~n

†µwUW BDwbq‡b †UKmB gvbweK, mvgvwRK I Avw_©K Dbœqb Ggb GKwU cÖwµqv hv m`m¨/m`m¨vM‡Yi mvgwMÖK Rxeb-hvÎvq myDbœZ gvbweKZv‡ev‡ai weKvk NUv‡e I abx-Mix‡ei ˆelg¨ n«vm mywbwðZ n‡e| RvMÖZ gvbweKZv‡ev‡ai weKvk- A_© AvZ¥mvr I `yb©xwZ †_‡K mgm¨/m`m¨v‡`i weiZ iv‡L, mvgvwRK mg`vwqZ¡‡eva b¨vh¨Zv wbwðZ K‡i, mgevqx A_©bxwZ cÖ‡Z¨K m`m¨/m`m¨vÕi RxebhvÎv gv‡bvbœqb K‡i| d‡j †µwWU BDwbq‡bi gva‡g¨ †UKmB gvbweK, mvgvwRK I Avw_©K Dbœqb mywbwðZ nq| cwiPvjbv cwil`, cÖavb wbev©nx Kg©KZ©v, m`m¨-m`m¨v Ges M‡elK‡`i (ÿz`ª`j c×wZ) we‡køl‡Y evsjv‡`‡k †µwWU BDwbq‡b †UKmB gvbweK, mvgvwRK I Avw_©K Dbœqb evavcÖvß nIqvi †cÖÿvc‡U †gŠwjK msKUmg~n mywbw`©ó Kiv n‡q‡Q| ¸‡q‡Zgvjv, e„‡Ub, wbDwRj¨vÛmn Ab¨vb¨ †`‡k †µwWU BDwbq‡bI GKB msKU cwijwÿZ n‡qwQj, hv †gvKv‡ejvq †mme †`‡k bZzb cÖhyw³ e¨envi K‡i cÖZ¨vwkZ djvdj jvf Ki‡Z mÿg n‡q‡Q| Avgv‡`i †`‡kI Dchy©³ msKU wbim‡bi Dcvq wbav©iY K‡i cÖwZôvb‡K bZzb avivq iƒcvšÍ‡ii gva¨‡g Kvw•ÿZ cwieZ©b NUv‡bv m¤¢e|

µgea©gvb msKU: 1955 wLªóv‡ã Ò`¨ wLªóvb †Kv-Acv‡iwUf †µwWU BDwbqb wjwg‡UWÓ cÖwZôvi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`‡k †µwWU BDwbq‡bi hvÎv Avi¤¢ nq| cÖ_g †µwWU BDwbq‡bi D‡`¨v‡M RvZxq †dWv‡ikb Ò`¨ †Kv-Acv‡iwUf †µwWU BDwbqb wjM Ae evsjv‡`k wjwg‡UWÓ (Kvje) 1979 wLªóv‡ã cÖwZôv jvf K‡i, we‡kølK‡`i g‡Z, RvZxq †dWv‡ikb cÖwZôvq 24 eQi mgq GKwU axiMwZ Dbœqb ms‡KZ| 2014 wLªóv‡ãi Z_¨ †gvZv‡eK Kvj&&‡ei Aax‡b me©‡gvU 723wU †µwWU BDwbqb i‡q‡Q †h¸‡jv me©‡gvU †kqvi g~ja‡bi e¨eav‡b 33wU e„nr, 184wU gvSvwi I 506wU ÿz`ª cÖwZôvb wn‡m‡e wPwýZ| mvaviY aviYv Abymv‡i †µwWU BDwbqb ÿz`ª †_‡K gvSvwi Zvici e„nr cÖwZôv‡b µgvMZ e„w× jvf K‡i _v‡K, wKš‘ evsjv‡`‡k weivU msL¨K †µwWU BDwbqb ÿy`ª hv µge„w×i axiMwZ cÖKvk K‡i| Z_¨ Abyhvqx `yB-Z…Zxqvsk †µwWU BDwbqb ÿy`ª- †hLv‡b †ewkifvM †µwWU BDwbqb Avw_©Kfv‡e `ye©j, evwn¨K F‡Yi Dci wbf©ikxj, ˆ`wbK KvR cwiPvjbv I Aw¯ÍZ¡ iÿvi Rb¨ evwn¨K cÖ‡Yv`Yvi Dci wbf©ikxj| M‡elYvi Z_¨ AbyhvqxBsj¨vÛ, ¸qv‡Zgvjvmn Av‡iv K‡qKwU †`‡ki †µwWU BDwbq‡b GKB mgm¨v cwijwÿZ n‡qwQj| evsjv‡`‡k †µwWU BDwbq‡bi hvÎv Avi¤¢ n‡q‡Q kni AÂ‡j Zvici MÖvg-M‡Ä we¯Ívi jvf K‡i| BwZnvm ch©‡eÿY K‡i Rvbv hvq- evwn¨K Avw_©K cÖ‡Yv`Yv eÜ nIqvi d‡j gqgbwmsn, w`bvRcyi, Lyjbv AÂ‡j ag©cjøxwfwËK A‡bK †µwWU BDwbq‡bi Kvh©µg mxwgZ Kiv n‡q‡Q Avevi A‡bK †µwWU BDwbqb Kvh©µg ¯’wMZ n‡q‡Q|

gZv`k©MZ msKU: eZ©gvb mg‡q †µwWU BDwbqbmg~‡n GKw`‡K e¨emvwqK fvev`k© I Ab¨w`‡K mvgvwRK fvev`k© Abymvix‡`i g‡a¨ weZK© `„k¨gvb| cÖ_gZt e¨emvwqK fvev`‡k© AbycÖvwYZ mg_©K‡`i g‡Z †µwWU BDwbqb Ki‡cv‡iBU fveaviv m¤^wjZ †ckvMZ `ÿZvi wfwË‡Z cwiPvwjZ GKwU Avw_©K cÖwZôvb †hLv‡b eûwea cY¨ I †mev Kvh©µg D™¢ve‡bi Rb¨ gReyZ g~jab KvVv‡gv M‡o DV‡e| wØZxqZt mvgvwRK fvev`‡k© AbycÖvwYZ mg_©K‡`i hyw³ g‡Z, †µwWU BDwbqb mg`vwqZ¡‡ev‡ai †cÖiYvq DØy× Rb‡Mvwôi GKvZ¥Zvq mvgvwRK Dbœqb jÿ¨gvÎv AR©‡bi wbwg‡Ë Dcwewa Øviv wbqwš¿Z I wbivc` Avw_©K cÖwZôvb †hLv‡b wbw`©ó msL¨K mÂq, ÿz`ªFY I cÖPwjZ ev mbvZb wbq‡g Avw_©K Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Kiv nq| eZ©gvb we‡k¦ Avw_©K msKU, Avq Aw¯’iZv, ivR‰bwZK hy×weMÖn, †Mvj‡g‡j wek¦ A_©bxwZ I †eKviZ¡ hLb RbM‡Yi wbZ¨m½x ZLb Avgv‡`i †`‡k D‡jøL‡hvM¨ msL¨K Avw_©K cÖwZôv‡b `yb©xwZ-AvZ¥mvr cwijwÿZ hv †µwWU BDwbq‡bi f~wgKv Av‡bK¸Y e„w× K‡i‡Q|

†µwWU BDwbqb Kvh©µg ïiæ nq mvgvwRK Dbœqb jÿgvÎv wb‡q †hLv‡b D‡`¨v³v‡`i g‡bvfve _v‡K †µwWU BDwbqb _vK‡e ÿz`ª cwimi I mvgvwRK g‡bvfvevcbœ| `xN©Kvjxb †UKmB Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ e¨emvwqK jÿ¨mg~n LyeB `ye©j d‡j AmsL¨ †µwWU BDwbqb †dWv‡ik‡bi †_‡K evwn¨K FY ev D‡`¨v³v‡`i Avw_©K cÖ‡Yv`bvi Dci wbf©i _v‡K| AZ¨waK mvgvwRK Dbœqb jÿ¨gvÎv wbf©i †µwWU BDwbqb µgvMZ Dbœq‡b evavcÖvß nq d‡j GwU A`ÿ e¨e¯’vcbv c×wZ I bxwZ wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ|

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Dch©y³ msKUmg~‡ni Kvi‡Y †µwWU BDwbqb cÖZ¨vwkZ djvdj cÖ`vb Ki‡Z e¨_©, ZvB AwaK mÿg bZzb e¨e¯’vcbv c×wZ cÖPj‡bi ZvwM‡` eZ©gvb M‡elYv GKwU mg‡qvc‡hvMx I Riæix c`‡ÿc| eZ©gvb M‡elYv †µwWU BDwbq‡bi Rb¨ AwaKZi `ÿ †ckv`vwi e¨emvwqK e¨e¯’vcbv c×wZ we‡kølY I g~j¨vqb K‡i evsjv‡`‡k ÔbZzb †µwWU BDwbqb Dbœqb g‡WjÕ Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z cÖqvmx hv B‡Zvg‡a¨ Ab¨vb¨ M‡elK‡`i gva¨‡g wewfbœ †`‡k Dc¯’vwcZ I MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡q‡Q| GB iƒcvšÍikxj cwieZ©b cÖZ¨vkx M‡elYvi g~jZt `yBwU jÿ¨ i‡q‡Q- (1) evsjv‡`‡k e„nr, gvSvwi I ÿz`ª †µwWU BDwbq‡bi eZ©gvb e¨emvwqK e¨e¯’vcbv Kg©d‡ji wewfbœ PjKmg~n- gZv`©k, msMVb, gvbem¤ú`, Kvh©-cwi‡ek, gv‡K©wUs, m`m¨ mÂq, m`m¨ FY, Avw_©K k„•Ljv I Avw_©K KvVv‡gv ÔbZzb †µwWU BDwbqb Dbœqb g‡WjÕ Gi `„wó‡Z Kvh©KvwiZv cwiexÿY Kiv; (2) bZzb avivq iƒcvšÍ‡ii j‡ÿ¨ e„nr, gvSvwi I ÿz`ª †µwWU BDwbq‡b e¨emvwqK e¨e¯’vcbv Kg©d‡ji wewfbœ †ÿÎmg~‡ni mywbw`©ó wfbœZv/cv_©K¨ ch©‡eÿY Kiv|

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gvbm¤§Z †µwWU BDwbqb I †UKmB gvbweK, mvgvwRK
I Avw_©K Dbœqb

M. M‡elK‡`i we‡køl‡Yi †cÖÿvc‡U †µwWU BDwbq‡bi msÁv

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ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva: ¯^”QZv, cvi¯úwiK m¤§vb‡eva, mg`vwqZ¡‡eva, hZœevb, b¨vh¨Zv BZ¨vw`|

ag©xq g~j¨‡eva: wek¦¯ÍZv, abx-Mix‡ei mnve¯’vb, mnfvwMZv, D`viZv, bgbxqZv BZ¨vw`|

gvbexq g~jab: Ávb, `ÿZv, AwfÁZv| gvbem¤ú‡`i w`Kmg~n|

mvgvwRK g~jab: cvi¯úwiK wek¦vm, mym¤úK©, eÜb, wgkÖ K…wó-ms¯‹…wZ-bxwZ, mybvg|

Avw_©K g~jab: m`m¨/m`m¨v‡`i mÂq I †kqvi| KóvwR©Z A‡_©i h_v_© e¨envi|

--(৬)--

†µwWU BDwbq‡b mÂqB cÖ_g, mÂqB cÖavb

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mÂqB cÖ_g

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mÂq Af¨vm `„k¨gvb

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mÂqB Avkvi Av‡jv

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mÂ‡qi kZ© `„p g‡bvej

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mÂq GKwU †KŠkj

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mÂq me©`v wgZe¨qx n‡Z †kLvq

wgZe¨qx e¨w³ hZ Avq K‡i Zvi GKUv wbw`©ó Ask wbqwgZ mÂq K‡i _v‡K| wgZe¨qx e¨w³ cÖwZw`b Rxebhvc‡bi AwZ cÖ‡qvRbx e¨qmg~n Ki‡Z Kvc©Y¨ K‡i bv, wKš‘ wejvmeûj Pvwn`vi Rb¨ Av‡eMcÖeY wbqwgZ e¨q Af¨vm cwinvi K‡i P‡j| ˆ`bw›`b Rxebhvc‡b AmsL¨ cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡bvi Rb¨ LiP Ki‡ZB n‡e, Z‡e mveavb n‡q wePÿYZvi mv‡_ h_vh_ Lv‡Z Li‡Pi wnmve Ki‡Z cvi‡j cvwievwiK Rxe‡b mg„w× P‡j Av‡m| mÂq cvwievwiK Rxe‡b ˆ`e-`yN©Ubv †gvKv‡ejvq g‡bvej I mvnm evwo‡q †`q, e¨w³MZ Rxe‡b mg„w× P‡j Av‡m| myZivs wgZe¨q †_‡K Av‡m mÂq, mÂq †_‡K Av‡m Rxe‡b AvZ¥wek¦vm I Avw_©K mg„w×| mÂ‡qi cÖavb kZ© wgZe¨wqZv I mw`”Qv, GB `y‡Uv LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©, d‡j gvbyl fwel¨Z Rxeb cwiKíbvq AvZ¥wek¦vmx n‡q D‡V| mÂq gvby‡li g‡b fwel¨‡Zi K_v wPšÍvq `„p g‡bvej I mvnm cª`vb K‡i, mÂq gvbwmKZv _vK‡j fwel¨Z Avb›`gq K‡i †Zv‡j, cÖwZwU Rxe‡bi A_©‰bwZK mg„w× Avb‡Z kZfvM mdjZv cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K|

†µwWU BDwbqb ïay Avw_©K cÖwZôvb bq eis cvwievwiK A_© e¨e¯’vcbv I mÂq Af¨vm Movi GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wkÿvjq ev ¯‹zj| †µwWU BDwbqb cwiPvjbvq e¨e¯’vcbv cwil` I Kg©KZ©vM‡Yi Ab¨Zg `vwqZ¡ I mv_©KZv m`m¨/m`m¨v‡`i cvwievwiK A_© e¨e¯’vcbv Abykxj‡b mn‡hvwMZv Kiv, mÂq Kivi †KŠkj †kLv‡bv, mÂq Kivi wewfbœ Dcvq cÖeZ©b, mÂq jvfRbK wewb‡qvM m„wó I mÂ‡qi Dc‡hvwMZv e„w× Kiv| hw`I eZ©gvb ‡ek K‡qKwU †µwWU BDwbqb cwiPvjbv cwil` I Kg©KZ©vMY G aviv †_‡K A‡bK `~‡i ev wcQ‡b| †µwWU BDwbqb cwiPvjbv cwil‡`i mykvmb I †ckvMZ AvPiY, cÖwZwU †µwWU BDwbqb‡K bZzb avivq iƒcvšÍwiZ Ki‡Z cv‡i| mKj †µwWU BDwbq‡bi e¨e¯’vcbv cwil` I Kg©KZ©vM‡Yi wbKU Avgv‡`i Avkv-cÖZ¨vkv e¨vcK, Avgiv †µwWU BDwbqb bZzb avivq iƒcvšÍi †`L‡Z PvB|

--(৭)--

†UKmB I myiwÿZ FYKvh©µ‡gi i¶vKeP:
ag©xq wek¦vm I mvgvwRK eÜb

Avw_©K †jb‡`‡bi †¶‡Î mvsMVwbK eÜb Ges Aw½Kvi cÖvPxb Kvj †_‡K cÖPwjZ GKwU kZ©| GKB fv‡e †µwWU BDwbqb Ges mgevqx e¨vsK e¨e¯’vq msNe× `vq AwfeveK wn‡m‡e g~L¨ f~wgKv cvjb K‡i _v‡K| we‡klfv‡e FY Av`vb-cÖv`vb Kvh©µ‡g `jxq eÜb Ges Aw½Kvi me©`v AwfeveK wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i Avm‡Q| `jxq eÜb I Aw½Kvi †µwWU BDwbqb FY Av`vb cÖ`vb ‡¶‡Î Rvwgb`vi ¯^iƒc|mgevqx wPšÍv-aviYvi BwZnvm cÖ‡bZv Rvg©vYx Awaevmx wg. d«vÝ nvigb †kvjm-†Wwjm Gi g‡Z mgevqx eÜb nj m`‡m¨i †MvUv Rxe‡bi m¤ú„³Zv| m`‡m¨i Rxebhvcb AvPvi-e¨envi PvwiwÎK ¸bvejx mewKQyB †µwWU BDwbq‡bi mÂq I FY Kvh©µ‡g m¤ú„³ _v‡K, Kvh©µg‡K MwZkxj I Pjgvb iv‡L| e¨vsK FY Kvh©µ‡g †hgb RvgvbZ wn‡m‡e UvKvi As‡K cwigvc‡hvM¨ Avw_©K m¤ú` Mw”QZ _v‡K †Zgwb †µwWU BDwbq†b Mw”QZ _v‡K e¨w³i †MvUv Rxeb hvcb Af¨vm-PvwiwÎK ¸bvejx| myZivs mgevqx eÜb n‡jv mg-gbv e¨w³‡`i †MvUv Rxe‡bi `vqe×Zv| †µwWU BDwbqb k‡ãi DrcwËMZ A‡_© wbwnZ Av‡Q wek¦vm, Av¯’v, wbf©ikxjZv, mnve¯’vb hv GKRb mf¨ m`m¨c` MÖnb †_‡KB msMV‡b wewb‡qvM K‡i _v‡K| ZvB †µwWU BDwbqb FY Kvh©µ‡gi mdjZv wbf©i K‡i m`m¨‡`i cvi¯úwiK eÜb I Aw½Kv‡ii my`„p wfwËi Dci| GB Aw½Kvi I eÜb †_‡K †µwWU BDwbq‡bi DrcwË Ges Gi mymsMwVZ wfwËi Dci †µwWU BDwbqb Kvh©µ‡gi mdjZv I‡Zv‡cÖvZfv‡e RwoZ| 1910 wLªóv‡ã wg. †nbix WweøI Ijd Zvi Ôw` wccjm& e¨vsKÕ cy¯Í‡K mgMÖ we‡k¦ †µwWU BDwbq‡b MVb I cwiPvjbvi g~‡j cvi¯úwiK eÜb‡K PviwU ch©v‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb hv GL‡bv `„k¨gvb|

cÖ_gZ:mg-gbv m`m¨/m`m¨v G‡K A‡b¨i cÖwZ wek¦vmx n‡q wb‡Ri†kqvi Mw”QZ †i‡L g~jab m„wó K‡i †hb wb‡R‡`i cÖ‡qvR‡b Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z cv‡i| g~jab e„w× I FY Kvh©µg ewjó Kivi Rb¨ mÂq Rgv K‡i|

wØZxqZ:FYMÖnxZv, FY`vZv, Rvwgb`vi mK‡j cvkvcvwk mnve¯’vb ev emevm K‡i _v‡K| G‡K A‡b¨i wbKU mycwiwPZ| mvgvwRK fv‡e mK‡ji MÖnb‡hvM¨Zv I m¤§vb i‡q‡Q|

Z„ZxqZ:mvgvwRK eÜb ev Aw½Kvi †_‡K m`m¨‡`i g‡a¨ mg`vwqZ¡‡evaRvMÖZ nq|mvgvwRK eÜb mKj m`m¨‡K FY Kvh©µg mdj Kivi GKUv †PZbv `vb K‡i, Aw½Kvi K‡i myôz myk„•Lj †jb‡`b Ki‡Z| mvgvwRK eÜb mvgvwRK fv‡e GKUv Pvc m„wó K‡i †hb ci¯ú‡ii cÖwZ kª×vkxj n‡q FY Kvh©µgmn Avw_©K †jb‡`b wbw`©ó wbhg Kvbyb AbymiY ga¨‡g m¤úbœ K‡i| mvgvwRK eÜb m`m¨‡`i g‡a¨ cÖZ¨¶ I Amxg Avw_©K `vqe×Zv Ges myôz e¨e¯’vcbvi mwµq `vwqZ¡‡eva m„wó K‡i| d‡j m`m¨‡`i Avw_©K wewb‡qv‡Mi wbivcËv wbwðZ K‡i|

PZz_©Z: kw³kvjx mg`vwqZ¡‡ev‡ai wfwËi Dci †ckvMZ `¶Zvi mgš^‡q µwWU BDwbq‡b mKj Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv nq| wewfbœ m`m¨‡`i wewfbœ ‡ckvMZ `¶Zv I mvgvwRK mybvg wb‡R‡`i I mvgv‡Ri Kj¨v‡Y wewb‡qvM Kiv nq|

†µwWU BDwbqb Av‡›`vj‡bi Avi¤¢ †_‡K eZ©gvb mgq ch©šÍ Kvh©µg myôzfv‡e cwiPvjbvi ‡¶‡Î m`m¨‡`i msNe× `vq I eÜ†bi wZbwU †¶Î ev cwi‡ek we‡klfv‡e wPwýZ n‡q‡Q: ag©cjøx-wfwËK eÜb, mwµq ¶z`ªmgvR-wfwËK eÜb, Kg©¯’j-wfwËK eÜb|

†µwWU BDwbqb aviYvi D™¢vcK Rvg©vwbi Awaevmx wg.d«vÝ nvigb †kvjm-‡Wwjm (1808 †_‡K 1883 wLªóvã) †UKmB I myiwÿZ FYKvh©µ‡gi wbivcËv-SzuwKgy³ nvwZqvi wn‡m‡e m`m¨/m`m¨v‡`i RgvK…Z †kqvi g~jab‡K cÖvavb¨ w`‡q‡Qb| Ab¨w`‡K †µwWU BDwbq‡bi RbK wg. wd«wWªK DBj‡ng ivBdvB‡mb (1818 †_‡K 1888 wLªóvã) m`m¨/m`m¨v‡`i mgevqx, ˆbwZK I ag©xq g~j¨‡ev‡ai cÖwZkÖæwZcvj‡bi A½xKvi‡K Rvwgb wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| †kvjm-†Wwjm Zvi Ôw` wccjm& e¨vsKÕ Kvh©µg Avi¤¢ K‡i‡Qb Avievb ev bMi ev kû‡i GKvjvq ZvB wZwb A‡_©i wbivcËvi Rb¨ †kqvi g~jab msi¶‡Y †ekx ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb| Zvi g‡Z cÖwZ m`m¨ UvKvi As‡K cwigvc‡hvM¨ GKwU cÖZ¨vwkZ †kqvi g~jab Mw”QZ ivL‡eb †hb mK‡ji A‡_©i wbivcËv wbwðZ nq| wZwb j¶¨ K‡i‡Qb bMivq‡bi d‡j ¯’vbxq †jvKR‡bi RwgRgv nvZQvov n‡q‡Q Zviv Afvex n‡q c‡i‡Qb Avevi Zv‡`i gv‡S emwZ ïiæ K‡i‡Qb ewnivMZ gvbylRb myZivs A‡_©i wbivcËv wbwðZ Ki‡Z wZwb A‡_©i Dci †ekx wbf©i K‡i †kqvi g~jab‡K nvwZqvi K‡i‡Qb| Ab¨w`‡K ivBwd‡mb †Rvov‡jv fv‡e †kqvi g~ja‡bi Dci wbf©ikxjZvi wec‡¶ hyw³ w`‡q‡Qb| Zvi `„wó wQj MÖvg AÂ‡ji K…lK kªwgK †R‡j gvbylRb, hviv D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cwigvb †kqvi g~jab Mw”QZ ivL‡Z A¶g| wZwb mvgvwRK eÜb‡K A‡_©i wbivcËvi g~j nvwZqvi wn‡m‡e ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb| wZwb e¨e¯’vcbv cl©`‡K mvgvwRK g~j¨‡ev†a DÏxwcZ n‡q †ckvavix `¶Zv I mr cwiPvjbvq KvVv‡gv e¨env‡i †µwWU BDwbq‡bi Avw_©K wbivcËv Ges ‰bwZKZv weav‡b me©`v c¶cvZ wQ‡jb, †hLv‡b ci¯ú‡i mg`vwqZ¡‡eva I mg-AwaKvi e›Ub †PZbvq DØy×|

Df‡q mvgvwRK eÜb‡K †µwWU BDwbqb Kvh©µ‡gi nvwZqvi wn‡m‡e MÖnb K‡i‡Qb| kni Rxeb mvgvwRK eÜb I g~j‡eva PP©vq AwaKZi `ye©j KviY gvby‡li mvgvwRK ¯’vqxZ¡ Kg ev gvbyl RxweKvi ZvwM‡` hvhvei Rxeb hvcb K‡i _v‡K d‡j †µwWU BDwbqb Kvh©µg GLv‡b `ye©j I †Kvb †Kvb †¶‡Î cÖZ¨vkv c~i‡Y e¨_©| Z‡e ivBwd‡mb †µwWU BDwbqb Kvh©µ‡g mvgvwRK I ag©xq eÜb‡K ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb Ges Kvh©Ki K‡i‡Qb| `jxq ev mvgvwRK Pvc, mvgvwRK wgDPz¨qvj mg_©b Ges my¯’ myk„•Lj FY‡diZ Kvhµg‡K mvgvwRK g~jab wn‡m‡e MY¨ K‡i‡Qb hv †µwWU BDwbqb Kvh©µg‡K AwaKZi mPj MwZkxj I mdjZv `vb K‡i| MÖvgxY mgvR e¨e¯’vq g~jab ¯^iƒc mvgvwRK g~j‡eva h_v mg`vwqZ¡‡eva I mg-AwaKvi e›Ub †PZbv mwµq ZvB †µwWU BDwbqb Kvh©eµg MÖvgxb Rxe‡b AwaKZi mnR I mdj| myZivs †µwWU BDwbqb †UKmB I myiwÿZ FYKvh©µgPjgvb †i‡L mf¨‡`i me©vwaK Avw_©K †mev wbwðZ Ki‡Z mvgvwRK eÜb I ag©xq wek¦vm i¶vKeP wn‡m‡e hy‡M hy‡M me©Rb ¯^xK…Z|

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†µwWU BDwbq‡b iƒcvšÍwiZ cwieZ©b e¨e¯’vcbv

evsjv‡`k mgevq BwZnv‡m †µwWU BDwbqb Av‡›`vjb mvd‡j¨i mv‡_ lvU eQi AwZµg K‡i‡Q | †µwWU BDwbqb GKwU e¨wZµgag©x Avw_©K cÖwZôvb, mgvR MVb Av‡›`vj‡b `xN© lvU eQi mgq AwZevwnZ K‡i wU‡K _vKvB hvi GK cÖKvi mvdj¨| AšÍiv‡j hv‡`i Ávb `ÿZv AwfÁZv kÖg mgq m„Rbkxj g‡bvfve wewb‡qvwRZ Av‡Q mKj‡K ï‡f”Qv RvbvB|e`‡j hvIqv, e`‡j †`qv, DbœwZ mvab Kiv eZ©gv‡b AwZ ¯^vfvweK GKwU cÖZ¨vkv| ZvB msMVb e¨e¯’vcbv wkÿvq M‡elKMY ms‡hvRb K‡i‡Qb cwieZ©b e¨e¯’vcbv (Change Management)bv‡g bZzb wPšÍv-†PZbv a¨vb-aviYv| KviYcwieZ©b e¨e¯’vcbv †h‡Kvb cÖwZôv‡bi µgea©gvb mdjZvi GKwU Ab¨Zg Acwinvh© Kg©‡KŠkj ev cÖwµqv| mdj cwieZ©b e¨e¯’vcbv GKRb cÖavb wbev©nx Kg©KZ©vi we‡kl GK ai‡bi mÿgZv| cÖwZôv‡bi cwieZ©b e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ bZzb I Abb¨ ai‡bi `ÿ †bZ„Z¡ I †KŠkjMZ cwiKíbv `iKvi nq| †µwWU BDwbq‡bi †bZv I Kg©KZ©vMY cwieZ©b e¨e¯’cvbv welqwU wb‡q wPšÍvfvebv K‡i hv‡”Qb, Z‡e cÖwZôvj‡Mœi g~j `k©b-Kg©cÖ‡Póv AÿzYœ †i‡L Ô†µwWU BDwbqb cwieZ©b e¨e¯’vcbvÕ wb‡q M‡elYv we‡køl‡Y cÖvavb¨ w`‡q‡Qb| mgvR MVb Av‡›`vjb hw` nq †µwWU BDwbq‡bi m`m¨‡`i Rxebgv‡bi cwieZ©b, Z‡e we‡kølK A¨vKvig¨vb A¨vÛvimb I A¨vÛvimb wW. Gi ÔcwieZ©b e¨e¯’vcbvÕ (2001 wLª.) aviYvi Av‡jv‡K cwieZ©b aviYv wZb fv‡e wPšÍv Kiv hvq| h_v: GK. hyMmwÜg~jK cwieZ©b (Transitional Change), `yB. Dbœqbg~jK cwieZ©b (Dedelopmental Change) I wZb.iƒcvšÍig~jK cwieZ©b (Transformational Change)| Dchy©³ wZb ai‡bi cwieZ©b aviYv Abyaveb K‡i †µwWU BDwbqb m`m¨, †bZv-†bÎx, cÖavb wbe©vnx Kg©KZ©v, M‡elK-we‡kølK I mswkøó e¨w³eM© mwVK I m„Rbkxj c`‡ÿc MÖn‡YmnvqZv †c‡Z cv‡ib|

GK. hyMmwÜg~jK cwieZ©b(Transitional Change): GK hyM ev mgq ev ch©vq †_‡K Ab¨ Av‡iK hyM ev mgq ev ch©v‡qi m~Pbv| G cwieZ©b cÖwµqvq cÖPwjZ mbvZb hš¿cvwZ e¨envi wcQ‡b †i‡L AwaKZi DbœZ I AvaywbK c×wZ cÖ‡qv‡Mi m~Pbv| A_©vr GK Ae¯’v ev ch©vq †_‡K AviI GK avc Dc‡i DbœxZ nIqv| G ch©v‡qi cwieZ©‡b AÁvb ev A‡PZb _vKv m‡Ë¡I hy‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ gvbyl-mgvR-msMV‡b bZzb wKQz D™¢vweZ cÖhyw³ †hvM nq| †hgb : Kw¤úDUvi, B›Uvi‡bU, gy‡Vv‡dvb, †dBmeyK BZ¨vw` e¨envi AvqË Kiv|

`yB. Dbœqbg~jK cwieZ©b(Dedelopmental Change): RvMwZK welq-m¤úwË w`K †_‡K gvby‡li Rxebhvc‡bi cwieZ©b, †hgb : AeKvVv‡gv, Lv`¨vf¨vm, †hvMv‡hvM, Avevmb, cÖhyw³, GgbwK AvPvi-e¨envi, wPËwe‡bv`b, Pjv‡divq †h bZzbZ¡ mshy³ nq| DbœZ I AvaywbK wWwRUvj Z_¨ I †hvMv‡hvM cÖhyw³ mØ¨envi K‡i wb‡R‡`i DbœwZ ev DrKl© jvf Kiv| hv gvbyl Rxebhvc‡bi mv‡_ AvqË K‡i Af¨¯’ n‡q c‡o| GLv‡b wb‡R‡`i `ÿZv, c×wZ, ¸YMZ Kg©‰bcyY¨ AR©b I AvqË Kiv| GLv‡b `yBwU welq ¸iæZ¡c~Y© : 1. AvaywbK DbœZ cÖhyw³ e¨env‡i e¨w³i mÿgZv| 2. e¨w³i AvMÖn I `ÿZv e„w× Ki‡e hw` Zv hyw³hy³ g‡b K‡i, cÖhyw³ mnRjf¨ nq, DØy× Kiv I cÖwkÿY cÖ`vb Kiv nq|

wZb. iƒcvšÍig~jK cwieZ©b(Transformational Change): iƒcvšÍi n‡jv †gŠwjK cwieZ©b, gvby‡li g‡bi cwieZ©b, hv e¨w³-Rxeb I Rxebhvc‡b AšÍwb©weó ev AšÍwb©wnZ cwieZ©b| iƒcvšÍ‡ii Rb¨ mÁvb, mÿgZv, `ÿZv, g‡bvfve I Kg©cÖ‡Póv Avek¨K| GUv gvby‡li †MvUv Rxe‡b GK ch©vq †_‡K Ab¨ GK DrKl© I †gŠwjK ch©v‡q c`vc©Y| iƒcvšÍ‡ii Rb¨ e¨w³‡K Zvi Pvicv‡ki gvbyl, Pjgvb e¨e¯’v, Z_¨-cÖhyw³ m¤ú‡K© c~Y© mÁvb m‡PZb gbb _vK‡Z n‡e| GLv‡b `ywU welq we‡klfv‡e g‡b ivLv `iKvi| cÖ_gZ: iƒcvšÍwiZ cwieZ©b n‡Z n‡e gvby‡li Rb¨ gvbe g‡bi iƒcvšÍi| wØZxqZ: Avw_©K DbœwZ bv‡g gvbexq, mvgvwRK, ag©xq I cwi‡ekMZ w`‡Ki †Kv‡bv Aeÿq Avbv hv‡e bv|

iƒcvšÍig~jK cwieZ©b †KŠkj: iƒcvšÍwiZ cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ mycwiKwíZ wZbwU Dcv`vb cÖ‡qvRb| h_v : welqe¯‘ (Content), gvbyl (People), Kg©cÖwµqv (Process) Avek¨K|

1.welqe¯‘ (Content): Af¨šÍi¯’ †gŠwjK welq ev Dcv`vb, bxwZ| KxKx (What) welq Avek¨K Zv AšÍfz©³ Kiv|

2.gvbyl (People): e¨w³i Ávb, `ÿZv, AwfÁZv, Av‡eM, AvPvi-e¨envi, g‡bvfve, D`¨g-Drmvn m¤ú„³KiY| †K (Who) RwoZ _vK‡e|

3. Kg©cÖwµqv (Process): Kg©‡KŠkj, cwiKíbv, Kg©m~wP, cÖwµqv, c×wZ| Kx fv‡e (How) iƒcvšÍi cÖwµqv ev¯ÍevwqZ n‡e Zvi mywbw`©ó cwiKíbv| gvbyl Kx cÖwµqvq welqe¯‘mg~nev¯ÍevwqZ Ki‡j cÖwZôvb I e¨w³i evwn¨K I Af¨šÍixY iƒcvšÍi NU‡e|

Dch©y³ we‡køl‡Yi Av‡jv‡K †µwWU BDwbq‡b iƒcvšÍig~jK cwieZ©b mK‡ji cÖZ¨vkv wKš‘ †ewki fvM cÖwZôvb hyMmwÜg~jK cwieZ©b I Dbœqbg~jK cwieZ©b †ewk mg_©b w`‡q _v‡K, KviY Dfq cwieZ©b AZ¨šÍ `„k¨gvb I mnRZi| wKš‘ iƒcvšÍig~jK cwieZ©b e¨e¯’vcbvq †bZv I wbev©nx‡`i mÿgZv, †hvM¨Zv I `ÿZv Acwinvh© Ab¨_vq cwieZ©b e¨e¯’vcbv e¨_© nIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K| iƒcvšÍig~jK cwieZ©b we‡klfv‡e `yBwU we‡klZ¡ jÿ¨Yxq: 1. fwel¨r Ae¯’v ARvbv, †bZv I wbe©vnxMY cÖwZôv‡bi eZ©gvb hyMjÿY m¤ú‡K© mÁvb I m‡PZb †_‡K mywbw`©ó jÿ¨ I Kg©cwiKíbv w¯’i Ki‡Z n‡e, 2. †bZv, wbe©vnx I Kg©x‡`i wb‡R‡`i g‡bi iƒcvšÍi Acwinvh©, Zv‡`i AvPvi-e¨envi I mg‡eZ KvR Kivi be †KŠkj AvqË Ki‡Z n‡e| iƒcvšÍi cÖwµqvi Dch©y³ `yÕwU we‡klZ¡ Kg©cÖwµqv I gvbe Kg©¯ú„nv‡K hyMmwÜg~jK I Dbœqbg~jK cwieZ©b †_‡K A‡bK †ewk RwUj, AwbwðZ I Awbqwš¿Z g‡b nq| Z_vwc Dch©y³ iƒcvšÍi †KŠkj (wele¯‘, gvbyl I Kg©cÖwµqv) iƒcvšÍig~jK cwieZ©b‡K MwZgq, mywbwðZ I wbqš¿Y K‡i cÖZ¨vwkZ iƒcvšÍi Avbqb mnR K‡i|

iƒcvšÍig~jK cwieZ©b e¨e¯’vcbvi gva¨‡g iƒcvšÍi cÖwµqv ïiæ nq †bZv I †bZ…‡Z¡, µgavivq cÖwZôvb Zvici m`m¨-m`m¨v I djkÖæwZ‡Z mgMÖ ÿz`ª mgvR iƒcvšÍwiZ nq|iƒcvšÍi cÖwµqvq†µwWU BDwbq‡bi gZ mgevq cÖwZôv‡bÿz`ª mgv‡RimvgwóK g~jab ev w`K wewb‡qvwRZ nq| mvgwóK g~jab, hv Pvi cÖKvi m¤ú‡`i mgš^qÑ gvbexq, mvgvwRK, ag©xq Ges Avw_©K w`K| mgevq cÖwZôv‡bAvw_©K g~ja‡bi cvkvcvwk m`m¨/m`m¨v‡`i gvbexq, ag©xq I mvgvwRK g~ja‡biI wewb‡qvM N‡U hv Ab¨vb¨ Avw_©K cÖwZôv‡b Lye ¯úó bq| gvbexq w`K : Ávb, `ÿZv, AwfÁZv, gvbem¤ú‡`i w`Kmg~n|mvgvwRK w`K: cvi¯úwiK wek¦vm, mym¤úK©, eÜb, wgkÖ K…wó-ms¯‹…wZ-bxwZ, mybvg| ag©xq w`K : cÖ_gZ- m„wóKZ©vi Dci AMva Av¯’v I wek¦vm, wØZxqZ- gvbyl‡K wek¦vm Kiv|Avw_©K w`K : m`m¨/m`m¨v‡`i mÂq I †kqvi, KóvwR©Z A‡_©i h_v_© e¨envi| Avw_©K †kqvi-mÂq g~ja‡bi mv‡_ mvgvwRK, gvbweK, ag©xq w`Kmg~n ¸iæZ¡mnKv‡i wePvi-we‡kølY Kiv nq|

†µwWU BDwbqb GKwU e¨wZµgag©x Avw_©K cÖwZôvb, KviY mvgvwRK I gvbexq g~j¨‡ev‡a DØy× m`m¨e„›` D‡`¨vMx nb mvgwóK (gvbexq, mvgvwRK, ag©xq Ges Avw_©K) cwieZ©‡bi gva¨‡g e¨w³MZ Avw_©K Ae¯’vi iƒcvšÍi NUv‡Z| we‡klfv‡e Avw_©Kfv‡e wcwQ‡q _vKv A_ev Ae‡nwjZ m`m¨/m`m¨v‡`i Rxebgvb iƒcvšÍ‡ii g~javivq Avm‡Z my‡hvM m„wó nq| †µwWU BDwbqb aviYvi D™¢veK Rvg©vwbi Awaevmx wg. d«vÝ nvigb †kvjm-‡Wwjm (1808 - 1883 wLª÷vã) †UKmB I myiwÿZ FYKvh©µ‡gi wbivcËv-SzuwKgy³ nvwZqvi wn‡m‡e m`m¨/m`m¨v‡`i RgvK…Z †kqvi g~jab‡K cÖvavb¨ w`‡q‡Qb| Ab¨w`‡K †µwWU BDwbq‡bi RbK wg. wd«wWªK DBj‡ng ivBdvB‡mb (1818 - 1888 wLª÷vã) m`m¨/m`m¨v‡`igvbexq, mvgvwRK, mgevqx, ˆbwZK I ag©xq g~j¨‡ev‡ai cÖwZkÖæwZcvj‡bi A½xKvi‡K Rvwgb wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| myZivs wek¦e¨vcx mgevq cÖwZôv‡b I gvby‡li Rxebgv‡bi iƒcvšÍwiZ cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ Avw_©K g~ja‡bi †P‡q gvbexq, mvgvwRK I ag©xq w`‡Ki AMÖvwaKvi me©Rb ¯^xK…Z |

--(৯)--

`qvkxjZv : iƒcvšÍwiZ Kvh©cwi‡ek

wLª÷wek¦vmx wn‡m‡e wLª÷ whï Avgv‡`i cÖ‡Z¨K‡K Zvui fvjevmv, Z¨vM¯^xKvi I †mevKvR AbyKiY K‡i ¯^Mx©q wcZvi gZ `qvjy n‡Z AvnŸvb K‡ib (jyK 6:36)| cÖwZw`bKvi Rxebhvc‡b ˆewPÎ¨gq Kv‡R Avgiv wLª‡÷i AvnŸv‡b mvov `v‡bi my‡hvM cvB, Avgv‡`i KvRmg~‡ni wfwË I cÖKvk wZbwU Hk¸‡Yi mgš^q, G¸‡jv n‡jvÑ wek¦vm, Avkv I fvjevmv| Avgv‡`i Kv‡R wek¦vm, Avkv I fvjevmv cÖKvk‡K `qv, `qvi KvR ev `qvkxjZv e‡j _vwK| `qvi KvRmg~n `yB fv‡M wPšÍv K‡i _vwK- (1) ˆ`wnK `qvi KvR : †hme `qvi KvR A‡b¨i evwn¨K cÖ‡qvRb c~i‡Y mnvqK I (2) Ava¨vwZ¥K `qvi KvR : †hme `qvi KvR A‡b¨i gb-ü`q-AvZ¥vi cÖ‡qvRb c~iY K‡i _v‡K|

mgvRe× Rxe‡b KvR nj KvwqK I gvbwmK kÖ‡gi dmj hv m¤úv`‡b Kg©xiv cwiZ…ß nq, mgvRe× gvby‡li g½j ev Kj¨vY nq Ges m„wóKZ©v gnvbyfeZv cÖKvwkZ nq| Kv‡Ri ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wZbwU w`K _vK‡Z cv‡i- (1) gRyix ev †eZbfz³ Kg©xiv kÖ‡gi wewbg‡q Avw_©K cªwZ`vb cvq hv Øviv Zviv ˆbwZK `vwqZ¡‡ev‡ai Kvi‡Y AvcbRb-cwievi-AvZ¥xq-¯^Rb wb‡R‡`i fiY‡cvlY K‡i (1 wZg_x 5:8)| Kg©xiv Avw_©K cÖ‡qvR‡b wb‡qvMKZ©vi Dci wbf©ikxj, Avevi wb‡qvMKZ©v KvwqK I gvbwmK kÖ‡gi Rb¨ Kg©x‡`i Dci wbf©ikxj| (2) Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g GKRb Kg©x m„wóKZ©vi cÖ`Ë ¸Y, ÿgZv I `ÿZv wewb‡qvwRZ K‡i, m„wóKZ©v G j‡ÿ¨B gvbyl‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb I `vwqZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb (Avw` 1-2)| myZivs GKRb Kg©x kyaygvÎ P~ovšÍ Kg©d‡j bq eis KvR m¤úv`b cÖwµqvi cÖwZwU av‡c wb‡Ri AšÍ‡i Avb›` Abyfe Ki‡e KviY Ck^i Zv‡K `ÿZv I ÿgZv w`‡q‡Qb| (3)Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g g½jevYx cÖPv‡ii my‡hvM m„wó nq KviY wLª÷ whïmgvRM„‡n, cÖKv‡k¨ Rbmg‡ÿ ev Rbmvavi‡Yi wf‡o evYx cÖPvi K‡i‡Qb| wLª÷whïi jÿ¨ wQj- nviv‡bv †gl‡`i †LuvR Kiv, bZzb Rxeb †`qv I Rxe‡bi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© g~j¨‡eva wkÿv `vb Kiv| Avgv‡`i kÖg I KvR m¤ú‡K© ¯^M©xq wcZvi AšÍi Abyaveb Ki‡Z evB‡e‡ji mnvqK Ask- Avw` cy¯ÍK 1-2, BmvBqv 65, cÖZ¨v‡`k 21-22, G‡dmxq 4 : 11-13, †ivgxq 8;21, Kjmxq 3:23-24 Ges MvjvZxq 5:19-23| myZivs Avgv‡`i ˆ`wnK `qvi KvR I Ava¨vwZ¥K `qvi KvR Kg©¯’vb I Kg©cwi‡ek‡K iƒcvšÍwiZ Ki‡Z cv‡i| iƒcvšÍwiZ Kg©cwi‡ek ˆZwii Rb¨ we‡klfv‡e †hme w`‡Ki cÖwZ bRi w`‡Z n‡e †m¸‡jv wb¤œiƒc:

1. †mŠnv`©¨c~Y© cwi‡ek:cÖavb wbev©nx Kg©KZ©v I e¨e¯’vcKMY‡K †meK-†bZ…Z¡ ev iƒcvšÍkxj-†bZ…‡Z¡i fvev`‡k© DÏxwcZ n‡Z n‡e| mnKg©x‡`i mg`vwqZ¡‡eva †cÖiYvq DÏxwcZ Ki‡Z cÖavb wbe©vnx Kg©KZ©v `„k¨gvb ¯’v‡b cÖwZôv‡bi `k©b-Kg©cÖ‡Póv wj‡L ivL‡eb, cÖvZ¨wnK Kg©-Kg©x cwiPvjb wbqg-bxwZ my¯úó wjwLZ _vK‡e, Revew`wnZv I ¯^”QZvi cÖwµqv mnR I Kvh©Ki _vKv Acwinvh©| cÖavb wbev©nx Kg©KZ©v I e¨e¯’vcKM‡Yi wbi‡cÿZv I my¯úóZv Kg©cwi‡ek I mnKg©x‡`i myiwÿZ ivL‡e|

2. Hk AbyMÖ‡n bevwqZ Kg©Rxeb: Kg© m¤úv`‡b Kg©x‡`i gb cwiZ…wß jvf K‡i, Kv‡R gvby‡li Kj¨vY mvwaZ nq Ges m„wóKZ©v gnvbyfeZv cÖKvwkZ nq| ZvB w`‡bi Avi‡¤¢ mK‡j wbw`©ó RvqMvq mg‡eZ n‡q ÿz`ª cªv_©bvq wcZv Ck^‡ii `qv MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g w`b Avi¤¢ Kiv hvq| Kg©x‡`i g‡bi bevqbwfwËK GK NÈvi Abya¨vb wbqwgZfv‡e cÖwZgv‡m Av‡qvRb Kiv, wbqwgZ Ava¨vwZ¥K cwiPvjb e¨e¯’v ivLv, fvj eB‡qi ÿz`ª jvB‡eªwi e¨e¯’v K‡i Kg©x‡`i evwo‡Z eB wb‡q covi e¨e¯’v Kiv hvq|

3. KZ©„c‡ÿi cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨: wLª÷ wek^vmx wn‡m‡e, Zuvi LvwZ‡iB Avgiv DaŸ©Zb KZ…©c‡ÿi AbyMZ _vwK, AbyMZ _vKvi gva¨‡g wb‡Ri Rxe‡b Kg©¯’‡j wLª÷evYxi g~j¨‡eva cÖKvk Kwi| GgbwK hviv `i`x KZ…©cÿ ïay Zv‡`i bq eis KZ…©cÿ hw` e`‡gRvRx nb Zv‡`iI (1 wcZi 2:1-25)| KviY Avgiv KvR‡K fvj‡e‡m ci‡gk^‡ii †me‡Ki g‡ZvB KvRKg© Kwi, wZwb Avgv‡`i GKvR Kivi `ÿZv I ÿgZv w`‡q‡Qb Avi Avgiv Zuvi AvnŸv‡b mvov w`‡qwQ| Ggb Kg©Rxeb Ab¨‡`i `„wó †Lv‡j w`‡e, wLª‡÷i cÖwZ wek^vmx n‡Z mnvqK n‡e|

4. PvUy ePbcwinvi Kiæb: cÖwZôv‡bi fvjg›` welq wb‡q cÖavb wbev©nx Kg©KZ©v I e¨e¯’vcK‡`i mnvqZv Kiæb| wKš‘ AhvwPZ PvUzKvwiZvi ¯^fve m¤ú‡K© mZK© _vKzb| Kv‡Ri mgq Ah_v KZ©„c‡ÿi wbKU e‡m mgq bó bv K‡i eis Zv‡K KvR Ki‡Z w`b Ges wb‡R fvj KvR Kiæb, Kv‡R m„Rbkxj wPšÍv Kiæb, Aemi mg‡q DÏxcbvg~jK †jLv c‡o bZzb wPšÍv AvniY Kiæb|

5. K‡Vvi cwikÖgB Hk Kg©kw³i cÖKvk: wek^vmx gvbyl KvR K‡i wb‡Ri Kg©kw³‡Z bq eis AšÍ‡i RvMÖZ m„wóKZ©vi Hk Kg©kw³B Zvi Kv‡Ri g~j PvwjKv kw³| ZvB AvcÖvY mvabv, cwikªg,cÖ‡Póv AšÍ‡i RvMÖZ ivLv gv‡b Ck^‡ii cÖwZ AvbyM‡Z¨i cÖKvk (Kjmxq 1:27-29)|

6. cvi¯úwiK hZœkxjZv: mnKg©x‡`i cvi¯úwiK hZœkxjZv m¤úK© e„w× K‡i| GKmv‡_ wUwdb I `ycy‡ii Lvevi MÖnY Kiæb| GK‡Î mgq KvUv‡bvi gva¨‡g G‡K Ab¨‡K †QvU †QvU †mev I mnfvwMZv K‡i wb‡R‡`i `qvkxjZv cÖKv‡ki my›`i my‡hvM _v‡K|

7. Drmvng~jK Dcnvi: mnKg©x‡`i we‡kl ¸iæZ¡c~Y© w`b-Zvwi‡L (Rb¥w`‡b, weevn evwl©Kx, we‡kl m¤§vb AR©b) ÿz`ª KvW©, Kv‡W© my›`i A_©c~Y© ï‡f”Qv Dw³ ev cweÎ evB‡e‡ji K_v wbR nv‡Z wj‡L cvVv‡bv hvq| A‡bK Kg©Rxex-‡ckvRxex e¨w³ cÖwZw`b A‡bK wPwVcÎ cvb wKš‘ wb‡Ri e¨w³MZ wel‡q wb‡R hLb Ggb wKQz cv‡e ZLb A‡bK Drmvn wb‡q MÖnY K‡i DÏxwcZ n‡eb|

8. mvšÍ¡bvg~jK AvPiY: mnKg©x hLb msKUgq mgq (`yN©Ubv, cvwievwiK `ytmgq, Amy¯’Zv) AwZµg K‡i ZLb †`L‡Z hvIqv, cv‡k _vKv, †LuvR-Lei †bqv, mn‡hvwMZv Kiv, Kv‡W© mvšÍ¡bv evYx †cÖi‡Yi gva¨‡g wLª‡÷i mvšÍ¡bv cÖ`vb Kiv hvq|

9. AwZw_ermj g‡bvfve †cvlY:mggbvmnKg©xiv GK‡Î wb‡Ri evwo‡Z wPËwe‡bv`b my‡hvMm„wó, GK‡Î Lvevi Av‡qvRb, †eov‡Z hvIqvi e¨e¯’v Kiv ev †Kv‡bv †Ljvayjvi Av‡qvR‡bi gva¨‡g A‡b¨i Rxeb‡K Avb›`gq Kivi D¾¡j f~wgKv cvjb Kiv hvq|

10. †mŠRb¨g~jK kã e¨envi: A‡b¨i wbKU †_‡K †Kv‡bv cÖvwßi Rb¨ Ôab¨ev`Õ Ô¯^vMZÕ Ggb †mŠRb¨m~PK kã e¨envi wb‡R‡`i m¤úK© my›`i K‡i| BwZevPK K_v ejv, BwZevPK kã e¨envi, †bvsiv kã cwinvi, mgv‡jvPbvg~jK K_v bv ejv, wePviwK K_v-evZ©v cwinvi Kg©cwi‡ek my›`i iv‡L| cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© Movi †mZzeÜb wn‡m‡e wb‡R‡K wewb‡qvwRZ ivL‡Z m‡Pó _vKzb|

11. `jxqKiY g‡bvfve Z¨vM: mnKg©x‡`i gv‡S †ckvMZ welq wb‡q `jxqKiY g‡bvfve cÖKvkK‡i cÖavb wbev©nx Kg©KZ©v I e¨e¯’vcKMY‡`i weeªZKi Ae¯’vq †d‡j bv w`‡q eis mg`vwqZ¡‡eva †cÖiYv‡Z DØy× n‡q mgvav‡bi D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kiæb| wLª÷B Avgv‡`i AvnŸvb K‡i‡Qb †hb cybwg©wjZ nB, Avi cybwg©j‡bi Rb¨ KvR Kwi (2 Kwiš’xq 5:18-21)|

12. ˆah©kxjZv: Kg©¯’‡j †Kv‡bv msKU, †Kv‡bv msKUg~jK KvR mgvavb Ki‡Z Ck^‡ii wbKU we‡kl Kg©kw³ I Aby‡cÖiYv Kvgbv Kiæb †hb AwZwi³ Pvc MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡ib| mnKg©xiv Avcbvi Rxe‡bi wfbœZv Dcjwä Ki‡e|

13. mwµq †kÖvZv n‡q Abyaveb Kiæb: cÖ_‡g Avcbvi cwiPvjbvKvix cweÎ AvZ¥vi cwiPvjb evK¨ AšÍ‡i kÖeY Kiæb Ges mnKg©x‡`i K_v g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q †kvbvi Af¨vm Kiæb| mnKg©x‡`i †h‡Kv‡bv msKUKvjxb mg‡q mnfvwMZv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q ïb‡Z †Póv Kiæb Ges wPšÍvkxj mwVK civgk© w`b| msKU DËiYg~jK eB, †jLv Dcnvi †`qv hvq|

14. Mvox‡Z ågY mgq: mnKg©x‡`i mv‡_ GKB Mvox‡Z ågY mgqwU Rxe‡bi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© w`K wb‡q mnfvwMZv ev gZvgZ cÖKv‡ki GKwU Ac~e© my‡hvM wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiæb|

15. wLª÷ wek^vmx Rxeb: Avcbvi Kg©Rxe‡b cÖwZwU c`‡ÿ‡c wLª‡÷i evYxi g~j¨‡eva AbymiY Kiæb| Avcbvi wek^vm Ab¨‡`i `„wó †Lv‡j w`‡e wLª‡÷i cªwZ wek^vmx n‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡e|

16. cªv_©bvkxjZv: mnKg©xiv hLb mgm¨v wb‡q mnfvwMZv K‡i ZLb cÖv_©bv Ki‡Z AvnŸvb Kiæb, cÖv_©bvi KvW© †_‡K GK‡Î cÖv_©bv Kiæb, cÖv_©bv KvW© Dcnvi w`‡q cÖv_©bv Ki‡Z mnvqZv Kiæb, Dcvmbvj‡q wM‡q Zvi Rb¨ cÖv_©bv Kiæb Ges wKQzw`b ci Zvi mgm¨vi eZ©gvb Ae¯’vi †LvuR wbb|

Kg©¯’‡j Kg©cwi‡e‡k cÖwZw`b ÿz`ª ÿy`ª `qvi KvR Avgv‡`i wLª÷wek¦vmx Rxeb A_©c~Y© K‡i, `qvq gvbyl n‡Z mnvqZv K‡i, Avgiv `qvjy n‡q DwV| `qvi KvR Avgv‡`i AšÍ‡ii Ck¦i †cÖg I gvbe †cÖ‡gi cÖKvk NUvq| Avgv‡`i wKQz wKQz `qvkxjZv Avgv‡`i cwi‡ek, Kg©¯’j, Avgv‡`i mgvRe× Rxe‡b iƒcvšÍi G‡b w`‡Z cv‡i| GBRb¨B Avgiv n‡q D‡VwQ we‡kl gvbyl ¯^qs ci‡gk^‡ii RvwZ, wZwbAvgv‡`i cÖwZwbqZ AvnŸvb Ki‡Qb †hb Avgv‡`i Rxeb I KvR w`‡q ZuviB mg¯Í gnvKxwZ©i K_v cÖPvi Kwi (1 wcZi 2: 9-10)|

--(১০)--

cÖm½ †µwWU BDwbq‡b MYZš¿ :
w`‡b w`‡b AmwnòzZv evo‡Q

1) wnmveKvj aviYv Abymi‡Y RyjvB-Ryb mgq‡K cÖwZôv‡bi wnmveeQi aiv nq| Zvici wnmvemsµvšÍ wbixÿvKvh© mgvß K‡i †µwWU BDwbqbmg~‡ni evwl©K mvaviY mfv Av‡qvRb Pj‡Z _v‡K| wgkbwfwËK †µwWU BDwbqbmg~n †h‡nZz e„n`vqZb (g~jab I m`m¨msL¨v) ZvB Mªv‡g-MÖv‡g, cvovq-cvovq, gnjøvq-gnjøvq m`m¨MY †µwWU BDwbqb msµvšÍ Av‡jvPbv-mgv‡jvPbvq mie | Avi hw` wbe©vPbKvj _v‡K Z‡e c‡ÿ-wec‡ÿ wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ Av‡jvPbv-mgv‡jvPbvi So e‡q P‡j| wkï-wK‡kvi m`m¨‡`iI †Ljvi Dcv`v‡b †hvM n‡Z †`Lv hvq wbe©vPb cÖZxK I wbe©vPb gnov| †h m`m¨MY M„n¯’vjx KvR-`vwqZ¡ Qvov mvgvwRK Ab¨me Bmy¨ Gwo‡q hvb, ZvivI wi‡eU, jf¨vsk, gybvdv, †`bv-cvIbv wnmv‡e cvi`k©x n‡q D‡Vb| m`m¨‡`i mg-AwaKvi †PZbv cÖZ¨ÿ K‡i †hgb fvj jv‡M, wKš‘ evwl©K mvaviY mfvq AskMÖn‡Y Abxnv †`‡L nZvk n‡Z nq| †Kv‡bv evwl©K mvaviY mfv mgvwß‡Z m`m¨MY hLb Z…wß wb‡q N‡i wd‡ib ZLb mgvRe× gvby‡li g~j¨‡eva PP©vi D¾¡j w`KUv dz‡U D‡V, Avevi AZ…wß, Awgj, Ø›Ø, we‡f` g~j¨‡ev‡ai Aeÿq †W‡K Av‡b| Avi g~j¨‡ev‡ai Mfxi ÿq gv‡b gbyl¨‡Z¡i Mfxi msKU m„wó| B‡Zvg‡a¨ †Kv_vI †Kv_vI bvbvfv‡e †mB msKU we`¨gvb, A_ev c~e©vfvm †`Lv hv‡”Q|

2)†µwWU BDwbqb MYZvwš¿K g~jbxwZ‡Z wek¦vmx msMVb| m`m¨‡`i MYZvwš¿K wbqš¿Y-bxwZ †µwWU BDwbqb Dbœqb cÖwµqv‡K Ab¨vb¨ e¨emv msMVb I c×wZ †_‡K AwaKZi RwUjZv m„wó K‡i‡Q| cÖwZwnsmvcivqb †bZ„Z¡, `jxq gZv`k©, wewPÎ †ckvq RwoZ m`m¨ve„›`, eûwewPÎ I SuzwKc~Y© e¨emvwqK †mev Kvh©µg e¨vwßi Dci MYZvwš¿K cwiPvjbv I e¨e¯’vcbv cÖwµqvi Aw¯’iZvi ZviZg¨ wbf©i K‡i| eZ©gv‡b †µwWU BDwbqbmg~‡ni Avw_©K Kvh©µ‡gi cvkvcvwk cwiPvjbv c×wZ‡Z mvgvwRK, ag©xq I `jxqKiY gZv`k© we`¨gvb| eû‡Mvôx-mgvRwfwËK †µwWU BDwbqbmg~n cwiPvjbvq e¨emvwqK aviYv †ewk `„k¨gvb, Avevi ag©cjøxwfwËK ev ag©xq-m¤úª`vqwfwËK †µwWU BDwbqbmg~n mvgvwRK fvebvi cÖvavb¨ jÿYxq| Ab¨w`‡K evsjv‡`‡k cÖvq mKj †µwWU BDwbq‡bi †bZ„‡Z¡ `jxqKiY gZv`‡ki© cÖfve Lye †ewk RwUjZv `vb Ki‡Q| m‡e©vcwi m`m¨‡`i MYZvwš¿K wbqš¿Y-bxwZi AÁZv-Aw¯’iZv †`‡ki eûmsL¨K †µwWU BDwbq‡bi Avw_©K e¨e¯’vcbv SuywKc~Y© Ae¯’v‡b †V‡j w`‡”Q| wbe©vPb‡K †K›`ª K‡i †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv mgv‡R, we‡kl we‡kl †kªwYi gvby‡li gv‡S we‡f` m„wó n‡”Q| ZvB AvR †jLvq cÖengvY MYZš¿, wbe©vPb-c~e© I DËi cwi‡ek wb‡q `yÕGKUv Abyaveb mnfvwMZv Ki‡Z PvB|

3) hy³iv‡ói †cªwm‡W›U wbev©Pb AbywôZ n‡q †Mj| AevK we¯§‡q jÿ¨ K‡iwQ evsjv‡`‡ki †Q‡j-ey‡ov mK‡j, Uªv¤ú-wnjvwi wb‡q c‡ÿ-wec‡ÿ wb‡Ri g‡a¨ Av‡jvPbv-mgv‡jvPbvi So e‡q w`‡”Q| wbev©Pb-MYš¿Z-ivRbxwZ‡Z AÁ RbMYI GKgv‡mi g‡a¨ Afvebxq weÁZv jvf Kij| wbe©vP‡b Rq-civRq Av‡Q, Av‡MI n‡q‡Q, n‡eI| wKš‘ Rq jv‡fi c×wZMZ ÔAv`k©Õ I Ôe¨e¯’vÕ wb‡q Rbg‡b mskq c‡i AvZ¼iƒ‡c †`Lv w`j| mvaviY RbMY †_‡K Avi¤¢ K‡i we‡kølKMY cÖZ¨ÿ K‡i‡Qb MYZš¿ ÔAv`k©Õ wn‡m‡e av°v †L‡q‡Q Avi Ôe¨e¯’vÕ wn‡m‡e cÖkœwe× n‡q‡Q| Zzi‡¯‹i Gi‡`vqvb, fvi‡Zi †gvw`, wdwjcvB‡bi `yZv‡Z© Avi GLb hy³iv‡ói Uªv¤ú mK‡jB MYZš¿ Aej¤^‡b, RbM‡Yi †fv‡U, ˆea iv‡q wbe©vwPZ n‡q‡Qb| †mev Kivi AwaKvi AR©b K‡i‡Qb, wKš‘ ÿgZv ev KZ…©Z¡ cÖ‡qvM Kivi mb` cvbwb| Z‡e ev¯Í‡e KZ©„Z¡ev`x AvPiY my¯úó, we‡f` `„k¨gvb| ZvB msKU, ksKv Pjgvb|

4) Gw`‡K wbR †`‡ki Ae¯’v Avgiv mK‡j Abyaveb Ki‡Z cvwi| cvwK¯Ívb mgq †_‡KB Avgiv wKZvwe MYZ‡š¿i e¨vL¨v gyL¯’ K‡i Af¨¯Í| cvwK¯Ívb Avg‡j kvwmZ n‡q‡Q KL‡bv ˆ¯^ivPvix, KL‡bv mvgwiK KZ©„‡Z¡ Avevi †emvgwiK QÙ‡e‡k| d‡j MY-RvMiY, MY-Av‡›`vjb, MY-Afz¨Ìvb †kl Aewa iYv½‡b cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| mk¯¿ gyw³hy× K‡i Avgv‡`i ¯^vaxbZv AR©b Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q| RbMY †f‡ewQj †`‡ki Dci e‡q hv‡e MYZ‡š¿i myevZvm, Zv‡Z Avgiv k¦vm wb‡Z cvi‡ev, mwZ¨Kv‡ii MYZvwš¿K †`‡k Avgiv emevm Kie| ¯^vaxbZvi c‡i e½eÜzi MYZvwš¿K c`‡ÿcmg~n evavcÖvß nq| Zvici Avev‡iv ˆ¯^ikvmK, mvgwiK KZ©„Z¡ Ges †emvgwiK QÙ‡e‡k †`‡ki MYZ‡š¿i AvwfhvÎv †nuvPU Lvq evi evi| †`k‡bÎx †kL nvwmbvi †`k‡cÖg, gvbe‡cÖg I MYZvwš¿K Av`k© I g~j¨‡eva cÖwZôvq Zuvi AvšÍwiKZvi KgwZ †bB| Zey †`‡ki ¯^v‡_© gvby‡li Kj¨v‡Y †`‡k GK cÖKvi wbqwš¿Z I KZ©„Z¡ev`x MYZš¿ kvm‡bi ga¨w`‡q ¯^vaxbZv we‡ivax Ackw³‡K iæL‡Z n‡”Q| Av`wk©K MYZ‡š¿i myevZvm Avgiv KL‡bv cvBwb, wKš‘ GL‡bv wbivk nBwb|

5) ZvB we‡k¦ †hgb, Avgv‡`i †`‡k †Zgb, GgbwK Avgv‡`i ivR‰bwZK, mvgvwRK I Avw_©K cÖwZôv‡bI MYZ‡š¿i ÔAv`k©Õ I Ôe¨e¯’vÕ wb‡q Rbg‡b mskq, ksKv †e‡oB hv‡”Q| MYZ‡š¿ Av`k© I MYZ‡š¿ e¨e¯’v cÖkœwe× KviY †fvUvi‡`i ivq wb‡Ri ev‡· XzKv‡Z cÖPviYvq †hme Bmy¨ Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡”Q Zv MYZvwš¿K Av`‡k©i m‡½ wgj †bB| cÖPviYvi welq wn‡m‡e †e‡Q †bIqv n‡”Q ag©, RvwZ, m¤úª`vq, †ckv, e¨w³MZ I cvwievwiK ¯úk©KvZi welq| cÖwZôvbwfwËK MYZš¿ PP©vq †jvKej g‡bvbq‡b ev evQvB‡q `ÿZv-†hvM¨Zvi †P‡qI AvbyM‡Z¨i cÖvavb¨ †ewk, hv‡Z eZ©gv‡b PvUzKvwiZvi AvwaK¨ Av‡iv D¾¡j| A‡gavex Øviv wbqwš¿Z n‡”Q †gavexiv, †Kv_vI †Kv_vI g~L©‡`i gyLiZvq †gavexiv wb¯úªf| Dch©y³ msKU, ksKv, ÿq we‡k^ MfxiZi n‡”Q, †`‡ki gvby‡li gv‡S B‡Zvg‡a¨ bvbvfv‡e dz‡U DV‡Q, cÖwZôv‡b cÖ‡ek `„k¨gvb n‡”Q| †h me mgvR-cÖwZôvb-e¨w³eM©‡K mvaviY gvbyl Av`©k wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv K‡i Avm‡Q ZvivI g~j¨‡eva PP©vq `ye©j-mswKZ, ZvivI we‡f‡`i c_ †e‡Q wb‡”Q| Avgv‡`i mvg‡b evwZNi wbfz wbfz Aw¯’i, Avgv‡`i fve‡Z n‡e| DrK…ó MYZš¿ e¨nZ n‡”Q, Av`k© nviv‡”Q, e¨e¯’v KjywlZ d‡j w`‡b w`‡b AmwnòzZv evo‡Q| Ggb †cÖÿvc‡U Avw_©K †mev cÖwZôvb †µwWU BDwbq‡b MYZ‡š¿i gva¨‡g †mevi AwaKvi AwR©Z n‡”Q bvwK ÿgZvi KZ©„Z¡ cÖwZôv cv‡”Q?

6) †µwWU BDwbq‡bi Kg©dj we‡kølK, M‡elK, Dc‡`óv, mgvR‡bZv-†bÎx I m`m¨e„›` mK‡jB †µwWU BDwbq‡bi Avw_©K †mev Kvh©K‡g©i mdjZvi w`KwU ¯^xKvi K‡i _v‡Kb| Avevi D‡Ø‡Mi KviY n‡q D‡V‡Q: FY e¨e¯’vcbvq mbvZb cÖwµqv, FY Kvh©µ‡g A¯^”QZv, gvÎvwZwi³ †Ljvcx FY, †bZ…‡Z¡ bZzb‡`i Abycw¯’wZ ev Abxnv, †bZ…‡Z¡ Ø›Ø, ci¯úiwe‡ivax AvPiY I e¨e¯’vcbvq `jxq cÖwZwnsmvg~jK we‡iva I wbe©vPb-MYZš¿| †µwWU BDwbq‡b m¤ú„³ mK‡ji g‡bi iƒcvšÍi nIqvi mgq G‡m‡Q| Ab¨_vq hyM hyM a‡i M‡o DVv AZxe cÖ‡qvRbxq Avw_©K †mev cÖwZôvbwUi h_v_© A_©‡mev Kvh©µg w`‡b w`‡b e¨nZ n‡e| GKw`b †µwWU BDwbq‡bi D¾¡j w`Kmg~n AÜKv‡i wbgw¾Z n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| ZvB †µwWU BDwbq‡b mwµq ¶z`ª mgvR MV‡bi †gŠwjK I ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz aviYv I cÖwµqv (AbymiY: Lªxóxq mgvR MVb `j) Avgv‡`i me©`v g‡b ivLv cÖ‡qvRb|

7) †µwWU BDwbqb Kvh©µg ïiæi ¯’vb I Rb‡Mvwô eZ©gvb †cÖ¶vcU †_‡K wfbœ wQj, BD‡iv‡ci weivU Rb‡Mvwô wLª÷ a‡g© wek¦vmx wQj| GKUv Rb‡Mvwô ag©xq wek¦vm †_‡K `~‡i P‡j wM‡q Ab¨‡`i Dci Ryjyg Pvwj‡q A‡_©i cvnvo M‡o weËkvjx n‡Z _v‡K| d‡j m„ó nq weËevb I weËnxb †kªwY, m„wó nq we‡f`, evo‡Z _v‡K e¨eavb| †µwWU BDwbqb cÖwZôvZvMY AwfÁZv jvf K‡ib †h GB fvimvg¨nxbZvi g~‡j wQj ag©xq wek¦vm I g~j¨‡ev‡ai Ae¶q| ZvB Zviv cweÎ evB‡e‡j wkl¨PwiZ MÖ‡š’ 2:42-47 Ges 4:32-37 c‡` ewY©Z Avw` gÐjxi ˆewkó¨mg~‡n AbycÖvwYZ n‡q GKB g~j¨‡ev‡ai Av‡jv‡K bZzb fveavivq mwµq mgvR MV‡b wb‡ew`Z nb| evB‡e‡j Dc¯’vwcZ †Riækv‡j‡g wLªw÷q mgvR ev Avw` gÐjxi wbR¯^ K…wó-ms¯‹…wZi gv‡S ¶y`ª ¶y`ª `‡j emevm KiZ| Avw` gÐjxi Ab¨Zg ˆewkó¨ nj ¶y`ª `j ev mgvR|

8)mwµq ¶z`ª mgvR MV‡bi ‰ewkó¨ : mwµq ¶z`ª mgvR MV‡bi PviwU †gŠwjK ˆewkó¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨-

9)mwµq ¶z`ª mgv‡R †bZv-†bÎx MVb bxwZgvjv : †bZv-†bÎx MV‡bi PviwU bxwZgvjv AbymiY K‡i _v‡K| †hLv‡b ¯^”Q Av‡jvPbv, mK‡ji m¤§wZ I AskMÖnY `iKvi|

Ø cÖ_g bxwZgvjv : †bZv-†bÎx msMÖ‡ni cÖwµqv ev Dcvq wZbwU-

· cÖwµq - 1 : wb‡qvMcÖvß †bZv-†bÎx (Appointed Leadership) |

· cÖwµq - 2 : †¯^”Qv‡mex †bZv-†bÎx (Volunteer Leadership) |

Ø wØZxq bxwZgvjv : mwµq ¶z`ª wL&ªw÷q mgv‡Ri †bZ…Z¡ nj M‡o DVv †bZ…Z¡ (Emerging Leadership) |

Ø Z…Zxq bxwZgvjv : mwµq ¶z`ª mgv‡Ri †bZ…Z¡ nj iƒcvšÍikxj `jxq †bZ…Z¡ (Transformational Team Leadership) |

10) †µwWU BDwbq‡bi RbK dv`vi Pvj©m †R Bqvs wmGmwm-Gi mn‡hvwMZvq cÖwZwôZ wgkbwfwËK †µwWU BDwbqbmg~n mvd‡j¨i cÂvk eQi myeY©RqšÍx Drme D`&hvcb K‡i P‡j‡Q| e¨wZµgag©x Avw_©K cÖwZôvb wn‡m‡e cÂvk eQi `xN© mgq AwZevwnZ K‡i wU‡K _vKvB GK cÖKvi mvdj¨ hv me©Rb¯^xK…Z| AšÍiv‡j hv‡`i Ávb, `ÿZv, AvwfÁZv, kÖg, mgq I m„Rbkxj g‡bvfve wewb‡qvwRZ Av‡Q mKj‡KB mvayev` I ï‡f”Qv RvbvB|G mvdj¨ Ae¨nZ ivL‡Z †bZv-†bÎx‡`i †mev AwaKvi AR©b cÖwµqvq `vwqZ¡kxj nevi my‡hvM G‡m‡Q| Pjgvb MYZš¿ (Av`k©nxb e¨e¯’v) Avgv‡`i‡K †mev AwaKvi cÖ‡qv‡Mi w`‡K bvwK ÿgZvi KZ…©Z¡ev`x c‡_ †V‡j w`‡”Q| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †µwWU BDwbqb mgv‡Ri Avw_©K wfwË myiwÿZ iv‡L †hb ag©cjøxi wLª÷wek^vmx‡`i Ava¨vwZ¥K Abykxjb my`„p nq, Ab¨_vq msKU, ksKv, AmwnòzZv w`‡b w`‡b †e‡oB Pj‡e|

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